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BK Virus (Bk Polyoma Virus) DNA - Qualitative

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  • BK Virus (Bk Polyoma Virus) DNA - Qualitative

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blood sample
Sample

BLOOD

Gender
Gender

Both

users
Age group

7 years & above

The BK polyomavirus (BKV) is a small double-stranded DNA virus that affects people worldwide, especially during childhood. Once you are infected with the BK virus, it lies in a dormant (latent) state in the body, where it does not cause health complications or internal damage. However, if your immune system isn't functioning correctly or is weakened, the BK polyomavirus might cause complications. It can spread into your blood and affect your kidneys, brain and overall health.  

As this virus can stay in your body for a long time, detecting it is crucial to avoid severe ailments later on. BK polyomavirus symptoms include:

  • Brown or red coloured urine 
  • Weakness or muscle pain 
  • Pain during urination 
  • Breathing difficulties 
  • Cough and cold 
  • Seizures 
  • Blurred vision  
  • Frequent urination 
  • Kidney inflammation and worsened kidney function 

    Usually, the virus infection is asymptomatic, however, some patients may experience a mild fever. It is better to consult a doctor whenever you experience any of these symptoms.

    The BK polyomavirus DNA test is the primary examination for detecting the presence of the BKV virus in your body. It helps doctors analyse renal allograft biopsies and indicators of BK virus infection. This test allows medical experts to diagnose the initial symptoms of the infection via blood and urine samples. 
     

A common procedure for identifying the BK virus is the BK Viral DNA Qualitative PCR Test. It focuses on the polymerase chain reaction in the blood or urine sample. 

The BK virus causes complications among patients who have undergone hematopoietic cell transplants and kidney transplants. Hence, the BK polyomavirus DNA test is essential for the examination of transplant-associated nephropathy, which usually occurs after a kidney transplant. The condition can increase the activity of the virus as it enters the urinary tract and kidneys during the transplantation process. 

While analysing the urine sample, doctors might be able to distinguish the BK virus from the John Cunningham virus (JC virus). If the urine test is negative, the doctor might follow it with a serum test.
Certain risk factors leading to BK virus infection include: 

  • A recent kidney transplant 
  • Old age 
  • Diabetes 
  • HIV infection 
  • Kidney injury or surgery 
  • Organ transplant rejection
  • Weakened immune system 

In some cases, the BK virus can spread through saliva and urine.  

 You might also get affected by this virus if exposed to immunosuppressive drugs like mycophenolate mofetil, cyclosporine, and tacrolimus. That is why doctors reduce the dosage of these medications to decrease the level of immunosuppression.  Your doctor might also prescribe antiviral drugs to address the infection. If you face complications while taking the medications, consult your doctor immediately. 

Apollo 24|7 provides you with a comprehensive BK polyomavirus DNA test to detect the virus.

Medically Reviewed by Dr. Ravi Vemagiri Andrews, Sr Nephrologist, Apollo Hospitals, Jubilee Hills, Hyderabad.

faqFrequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

Frequently asked questions

For the BK polyomavirus DNA test, blood and urine samples are required. The urine sample is examined first. If the urine test result is positive, the doctors may test the blood sample.
There are no specific preparation techniques for the BK polyomavirus DNA test. However, you must talk to your doctor about any medications you are currently prescribed. You must also discuss any organ transplants or similar surgeries you might have undergone.
After undergoing a transplantation procedure, the doctor will ask you to take anti-rejection medication. This medication might hamper the functioning of your white blood cells, which can weaken your immune system and lead to BK virus symptoms.
After the transplantation process, the doctor will analyse your urine and blood samples regularly and look out for any possible symptoms of virus infection.
To ensure that the BK virus isn't spreading, the doctor might ask you to take the BK polyomavirus DNA test before a transplant. They might also check the prescribed medication that might affect your immune system.
Yes, the BK polyomavirus can be transmitted from the mother to the baby via urine or saliva. It might happen during childbirth. After that, the virus might stay in the baby's kidney, blood or other organs in a latent state.

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The information mentioned above is meant for educational purposes only and should not be taken as a substitute to your Physician’s advice. It is highly recommended that the customer consults with a qualified healthcare professional to interpret test results