CD25 (Hairy Cell / Nhl Marker)

Leukaemia is of different types, and its progression varies depending on the severity of the condition. It is essential to diagnose the disease early to start a suitable therapy on time.

Fortunately, a CD25 marker test is a diagnostic technique that confirms the presence of both hairy cell leukaemia and non-Hodgkins lymphoma.

Hairy cell leukaemia is a blood cancer that affects your bone marrow and triggers it to produce an abnormally high number of white blood cells. On the other hand, non-Hodgkins lymphoma is a cancer of the lymphatic system resulting from tumours developing from white blood cells.

A cluster of differentiation (CD) 25 is a surface marker that belongs to the gene family of CD5, CD10, and CD19. All of these have a similar structure and function. This marker protein expresses itself on a natural killer cell and activates T-lymphocytes.

Since CD25 does not restrict any kind of receptors, it is possible to find its presence easily when the condition is present in the body. The surface protein has a high affinity toward the interleukin-2. Therefore, after binding to the receptor, the cascade process leads to the uncontrolled proliferation of T-cells.

CD25 marker test is an efficient way to diagnose cancers because it is present in more than 90% of malignant lymphomas. In addition, the NHL marker test helps monitor the treatment for non-Hodgkins lymphoma.

Apollo 24|7 offers a CD25 test, and you can observe the symptoms and get this test prescribed after an expert’s consultation. Below are some common symptoms of hairy cell leukaemia and non-Hodgkins lymphoma: 

• Constant fatigue and tiredness
• Bruising on the skin 
• Frequent occurrence of fever
• Vulnerable to mild infections 
• Difficulty in breathing
• Unexplained weight loss

In addition to this, non-Hodgkins lymphoma has some additional symptoms that include: 

• Rashes, lumps, and itchiness on the skin 
• Chest and abdominal pain
• Night sweats
• Coughing 
• Swollen lymph nodes 
• Loss of appetite

The technique used for the CD25 marker test is known as flow cytometry, and it is reliable because:

• Does rapid analysis of samples
• Analyses the events individually
• Results are easy to quantify
• Multiple parameters are taken into account
• Produces relevant statistical results

The hairy cell leukaemia test looks for the following parameters using the flow cytometry technique: 

• Cell tracking using a fluorescent probe
• Analysing small particles
• Functional analysis to monitor the treatment
• Organism identification
• Phenotyping of the samples
• Cell death analysis

The technique has low manual interference, making it free from any errors. Additionally, a CD25 marker test is a fusion of three segments: flow system, optics, and electronic signal interpretation.

As the sample passes through a thin sheath of fluid, it is illuminated by laser light. Thus, the light scatters by hitting the particles in the sample, and an electronic reader detects the scattered light. Finally, the interpretation of signals takes place in the computerised system.