Boils and Carbuncles: Overview of Symptoms and Treatment
Learn about boils and carbuncles, their symptoms, causes, and treatment options. Understand how these skin infections develop and ways to promote healing and prevent recurrence.
Written by Dr. Mohammed Kamran
Reviewed by Dr. Rohinipriyanka Pondugula MBBS
Last updated on 1st Sep, 2025
Introduction
Dealing with painful, pus-filled bumps on your skin can be uncomfortable and worrying. If you’ve ever had a boil or a carbuncle, you know how frustrating they can be. But don’t worry, these skin infections are common and treatable. In this article, we’ll explain what boils and carbuncles are, their symptoms, causes, and how you can manage them effectively.
What Are Boils and Carbuncles?
Boils and carbuncles are painful, pus-filled lumps caused by bacterial infection of hair follicles.
Boils (Furuncles)
- A boil is a painful, pus-filled lump that forms under the skin when a hair follicle or oil gland gets infected with bacteria (usually Staphylococcus aureus). They often start as a red, tender spot and gradually fill with pus, becoming larger and more painful before bursting and healing.
Carbuncles
- A carbuncle is a cluster of boils that form a deeper, more severe infection. Carbuncles are larger, take longer to heal, and may cause fever and fatigue due to the body’s stronger immune response.
Consult a Dermatologist for the best advice
Common Symptoms of Boils and Carbuncles
Recognizing the signs early can help in faster treatment. Here are the common symptoms of boils and carbuncles:
Signs of a Boil:
- A red, swollen, painful lump (usually pea-sized)
- Pus-filled center that may burst and drain
- Warmth and tenderness around the affected area
- Possible mild fever
Signs of a Carbuncle:
- A larger, deeper lump with multiple pus-filled heads
- Severe pain and swelling
- Fever and chills (due to infection spreading)
- Fatigue and general discomfort
What Causes Boils and Carbuncles?
Boils and carbuncles are caused by bacterial infections, most commonly Staphylococcus aureus (Staph bacteria). These bacteria enter the skin through:
- Cuts, scrapes, or insect bites
- Poor hygiene
- Clogged sweat glands or ingrown hair
- Weakened immune system (due to diabetes, stress, or illness)
- Close contact with someone who has a Staph infection
How Are Boils and Carbuncles Treated?
Boils and carbuncles can be managed with simple home care in mild cases, while severe infections may require medical treatment.
Home Care for Mild Boils
Most small boils heal on their own with simple home remedies:
1. Warm Compress – Apply a warm, damp cloth for 10-15 minutes, 3-4 times a day. This helps the boil drain naturally.
2. Keep It Clean – Wash the area with mild soap and water to prevent spreading infection.
3. Avoid Squeezing – Popping a boil can push bacteria deeper and worsen the infection.
4. Cover with a Bandage – Once the boil drains, keep it covered with a sterile dressing.
Medical Treatment for Severe Cases
If a boil or carbuncle is large, painful, or doesn’t improve in a week, see a doctor. Treatment may include:
- Incision & Drainage – A doctor makes a small cut to drain the pus safely.
- Antibiotics – Prescribed if the infection is severe or spreading.
- Pain Relief – Over-the-counter painkillers like ibuprofen can help reduce discomfort.
How to Prevent Boils and Carbuncles
Good hygiene and healthy habits can lower the risk of skin infections.
Good Hygiene Practices
- Wash hands frequently with soap.
- Clean cuts and scrapes immediately.
- Avoid sharing personal items like razors or towels.
Healthy Lifestyle Tips
- Eat a balanced diet to strengthen immunity.
- Stay hydrated to keep skin healthy.
- Manage diabetes or other conditions that weaken immunity.
When to See a Doctor?
Seek medical help if:
- The boil is on your face, spine, or groin.
- It doesn’t heal within 2 weeks.
- You develop a fever or swollen lymph nodes.
- The pain is severe or keeps recurring.
Final Thoughts
Boils and carbuncles can be painful, but with proper care, they heal without complications. Maintaining good hygiene, using warm compresses, and seeking medical help when needed can keep these infections under control.
Consult a Dermatologist for the best advice
Consult a Dermatologist for the best advice
Dr. Kavitha Killaparthy
Dermatologist
23 Years • MBBS,DIPLOMA(DERMATOLOGY,VENEREOLOGY,LEPROSY)
Hyderabad
JDS Skin & Hair Clinic, Hyderabad
Dr. Paulomi Vartak
Dermatologist
2 Years • MBBS, MD (DERMATOLOGY,VENEREOLOGY AND LEPROSY)
Pune
Pramodini Urology Foundation and stree clinic, Pune
Dr. Mayuri Jain
Dermatologist
11 Years • MBBS, MD Dermatology , Venereology & Leprosy
Delhi
Dr Mayuri Jain Clinic, Delhi
Dr Ekansh Shekhar
Dermatologist
10 Years • MBBS MD
Lucknow
Apollo Clinic Hazratganj, Lucknow
Dr. H R Yogeesh
Dermatologist
20 Years • MBBS, MD (Dermatology, Venereology & Leprosy)
Bengaluru
Akshata skin and hair care, Bengaluru
Consult a Dermatologist for the best advice
Dr. Kavitha Killaparthy
Dermatologist
23 Years • MBBS,DIPLOMA(DERMATOLOGY,VENEREOLOGY,LEPROSY)
Hyderabad
JDS Skin & Hair Clinic, Hyderabad
Dr. Paulomi Vartak
Dermatologist
2 Years • MBBS, MD (DERMATOLOGY,VENEREOLOGY AND LEPROSY)
Pune
Pramodini Urology Foundation and stree clinic, Pune
Dr. Mayuri Jain
Dermatologist
11 Years • MBBS, MD Dermatology , Venereology & Leprosy
Delhi
Dr Mayuri Jain Clinic, Delhi
Dr Ekansh Shekhar
Dermatologist
10 Years • MBBS MD
Lucknow
Apollo Clinic Hazratganj, Lucknow
Dr. H R Yogeesh
Dermatologist
20 Years • MBBS, MD (Dermatology, Venereology & Leprosy)
Bengaluru
Akshata skin and hair care, Bengaluru