Understanding Bone Cancer: Symptoms and Treatment
Gain a comprehensive understanding of bone cancer, including common symptoms like persistent bone pain, swelling, and fractures, plus an overview of crucial diagnosis and effective treatment options available.
Written by Dr. J T Hema Pratima
Reviewed by Dr. D Bhanu Prakash MBBS, AFIH, Advanced certificate in critical care medicine, Fellowship in critical care medicine
Last updated on 13th Jan, 2026
Bone cancer is a rare but serious condition that affects the bones in the body. It occurs when abnormal cells grow uncontrollably in the bone, leading to tumors. While the thought of cancer can be frightening, understanding the symptoms, causes, and treatment options can help you take the right steps toward diagnosis and care.
What Is Bone Cancer?
Bone cancer can be primary (originating in the bone) or secondary (spreading from another part of the body). Primary bone cancers are rare, with the most common types being:
Osteosarcoma – Often found in children and young adults, usually in the arms or legs.
Chondrosarcoma – Affects cartilage and is more common in adults.
Ewing sarcoma – Typically occurs in children and young adults, often in the pelvis, legs, or ribs.
Secondary bone cancer (metastatic) is more common and happens when cancer from another organ (like breast, lung, or prostate) spreads to the bones.
Symptoms of Bone Cancer
Early detection is crucial for effective treatment. Common symptoms include:
Persistent bone pain – Often worsens at night or with activity.
Swelling or a lump – Near the affected bone.
Weakened bones – Leading to fractures even with minor injuries.
Fatigue and weight loss – Unexplained tiredness or loss of appetite.
Limited mobility – Difficulty moving a joint or limb.
If you experience any of these symptoms for more than a few weeks, consult a doctor.
Causes and Risk Factors
The exact cause of bone cancer is unclear, but certain factors increase the risk:
Genetic conditions – Like LiFraumeni syndrome or hereditary retinoblastoma.
Previous radiation therapy – Exposure to high doses of radiation.
Paget’s disease of bone – A condition causing abnormal bone growth.
Age – Some types (like osteosarcoma) are more common in young people.
Diagnosis and Treatment
If bone cancer is suspected, doctors may recommend:
1. Imaging tests – X rays, MRI, CT scans, or PET scans to detect tumors.
2. Biopsy – A small sample of bone tissue is examined under a microscope.
3. Blood tests – To check for markers of bone damage.
Consult Top Oncologist For personalised Tips
Treatment Options
Treatment depends on the type, stage, and location of cancer. Common approaches include:
Surgery – Removing the tumor while preserving as much bone as possible.
Chemotherapy – Using drugs to kill cancer cells (common for osteosarcoma and Ewing sarcoma).
Radiation therapy – High energy beams to destroy cancer cells.
Targeted therapy & Immunotherapy – Newer treatments that attack cancer cells specifically.
Living with Bone Cancer
Managing bone cancer involves medical treatment and lifestyle adjustments:
Nutrition – A balanced diet with protein, calcium, and vitamin D supports bone health.
Physical therapy – Helps regain strength and mobility after treatment.
Emotional support – Counseling or support groups can help cope with the emotional impact.
When to Seek Help?
If you or a loved one experiences persistent bone pain, swelling, or unexplained fractures, consult a specialist immediately. Early diagnosis improves treatment success.
How Apollo 24|7 Can Help?
At Apollo 24|7, we provide expert consultations, advanced diagnostic tests, and personalized treatment plans for bone cancer. You can:
Book an appointment with an oncologist.
Schedule imaging tests (X rays, MRI, CT scans).
Access support for managing symptoms and recovery.
Don’t ignore persistent bone pain—early action can make a difference.
Final Thoughts
Bone cancer is treatable, especially when detected early. Knowing the symptoms, risk factors, and treatment options empowers you to take control of your health. If you have concerns, reach out to a healthcare provider for guidance.
Stay informed, stay proactive, and remember—you’re not alone in this journey.
Consult Top Oncologist For personalised Tips
Consult Top Oncologist For personalised Tips
Dr. Amit Choraria
Surgical Oncologist
18 Years • MBBS, MS (Surgery) Fellow, Surgical Oncology, Tata Medical Center (FSO) Fellow, European Board of Surgery (Surgical Oncology) (FEBS) Fellow, Minimal Access Surgery (FMAS) Fellow, Indian Association of Gastrointestinal Endosurgeons (FIAGES) UICC Fellow, Royal Marsden NHS, London, UK Visiting Scholar, Plastic Reconstructive Surgery, CGMH, Taiwan Fellow, Robotic Surgical Oncology, Vattikuti Foundation, USA
Kolkata
Apollo Multispeciality Hospitals , Kolkata, Kolkata
Dr. Aditi Chaturvedi
Oncologist
11 Years • MBBS,MS General Surgery (Gold medalist), MCh Surgical Oncology, UICC fellow at Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Centre, New York
Delhi
Apollo Hospitals Indraprastha, Delhi
Dr. Harsh J Shah
Surgical Oncologist
15 Years • MS, MCh (GI), DrNB (GI)
Ahmedabad
Apollo Hospitals Gandhinagar, Ahmedabad
Dr Devashish Tripathi
Radiation Specialist Oncologist
20 Years • MBBS, PLAB, MRCP (UK)- General Medicine, FRCR (Oncology), Certificate of Completion of Training (CCT)- Clinical Oncology
Delhi
Apollo Hospitals Indraprastha, Delhi
Dr. Ruquaya Ahmad Mir
Surgical Oncologist
20 Years • MBBS, DNB
Delhi
Apollo Hospitals Indraprastha, Delhi
(25+ Patients)
