Meaning of Phlegm Colour
Phlegm colour can reveal what's happening in your body—from colds to infections. Learn what different mucus colours mean, when to worry, and how to manage symptoms effectively.
Written by Dr. M L Ezhilarasan
Reviewed by Dr. Shaik Abdul Kalam MD (Physician)
Last updated on 25th Aug, 2025
We all experience coughing up phlegm from time to time, especially during colds, allergies, or infections. But did you know that the colour of your phlegm can give you clues about what’s happening inside your body? While it might seem unpleasant, paying attention to phlegm colour can help you understand whether you need rest, hydration, or medical attention.
In this article, we’ll break down what different phlegm colours mean, when to be concerned, and how to manage them effectively.
What Is Phlegm?
Phlegm is a thick, sticky mucus produced by your respiratory system (lungs, throat, and sinuses). Its main job is to trap germs, dust, and other irritants, preventing them from entering your lungs. When you’re sick, your body produces more phlegm to help fight off infections.
What Does the Colour of Phlegm Indicate?
The colour of your phlegm can vary depending on the cause of your illness. Here’s a simple guide to help you understand what each colour might mean:
1. Clear or White Phlegm
- What it means: This is normal and healthy. Your body produces clear mucus daily to keep your airways moist.
- Possible causes: Allergies, mild colds, or dry air.
- When to worry? If you have excessive clear phlegm with wheezing or shortness of breath, it could indicate asthma or allergies.
2. Yellow Phlegm
- What it means: Your body is fighting an infection, usually a viral cold or mild bacterial infection.
- Possible causes: Common cold, sinusitis, or bronchitis.
- When to worry? If yellow phlegm lasts more than a week or is accompanied by fever, see a doctor.
3. Green Phlegm
- What it means: Often a sign of a bacterial infection, as white blood cells fighting the infection can turn mucus green.
- Possible causes: Pneumonia, sinus infections, or bronchitis.
- When to worry? If green phlegm persists for several days with fever, fatigue, or difficulty breathing, consult a doctor.
4. Brown or Rust-Colored Phlegm
- What it means: This could be due to old blood, dirt, or smoking.
- Possible causes: Smoking, pollution, or lung conditions like chronic bronchitis.
- When to worry? If you cough up brown phlegm frequently (especially if you don’t smoke), it may indicate a lung infection or bleeding.
5. Pink or Red Phlegm
- What it means: Fresh blood is present, which could be from a minor irritation or a more serious condition.
- Possible causes: Severe cough, pneumonia, or lung disease.
- When to worry? If you see blood in phlegm repeatedly, seek medical help immediately.
Consult Top General Practitioner
6. Black Phlegm
- What it means: Rare, but could be due to heavy smoking, fungal infections, or exposure to coal dust (e.g., in miners).
- Possible causes: Smoking, fungal infections, or environmental pollutants.
- When to worry? Always consult a doctor if you cough up black phlegm.
When Should You See a Doctor?
While most phlegm colours are harmless and resolve on their own, you should seek medical attention if you experience:
- Blood in phlegm (especially large amounts)
- Phlegm that lasts more than 10-14 days
- High fever, chest pain, or difficulty breathing
- Unexplained weight loss or fatigue
If you’re unsure, it’s always best to consult a healthcare professional. You can easily book a doctor’s consultation or lab tests through Apollo 24|7 for quick and reliable advice.
How to Manage Phlegm at Home
If your phlegm is due to a minor cold or allergy, try these simple remedies:
1. Stay Hydrated
- Drink plenty of water, herbal teas, or warm broths to thin mucus and ease coughing.
2. Use a Humidifier
- Dry air can worsen mucus production. A humidifier adds moisture, helping you breathe easier.
3. Gargle with Salt Water
- Mix ½ teaspoon of salt in warm water and gargle to soothe throat irritation.
4. Try Steam Inhalation
Inhaling steam (with a bowl of hot water or a steamy shower) can loosen mucus.
5. Avoid Irritants
- Smoking, pollution, and strong perfumes can worsen phlegm production.
6. Eat Healthy
- Foods like ginger, honey, and turmeric have natural anti-inflammatory properties.
Final Thoughts
Phlegm colour can be a helpful indicator of your health, but it’s not always a cause for alarm. Most cases resolve with rest and home care. However, if you notice unusual colours, persistent symptoms, or blood, don’t hesitate to seek medical advice.
If you’re concerned about your symptoms, Apollo 24|7 offers convenient online consultations and lab tests to help you get the right diagnosis and treatment.
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Consult Top General Practitioner
Dr. Gaddam Manoj
General Practitioner
1 Years • MBBS
Hyderabad
Aaradhya clinic, Hyderabad
Dr. Avinash Pasuparthy
General Practitioner
5 Years • MBBS
Visakhapatnam
Apollo Clinic Vizag, Visakhapatnam
Dr. Riti Srivastava
General Practitioner
12 Years • MD (Physician)
Gautam Buddha Nagar
Shri Krishna Clinic, Gautam Buddha Nagar
Dr. Robin Jeya Bensam
General Practitioner
25 Years • MBBS, AFIH, FCIP, FRSH
Chennai
Robin Hospitals, Chennai
Dr. Ritesh Motghare
General Practitioner
18 Years • MBBS PGCDM
Nagpur
HEALTH CENTRE VNIT NAGPUR, Nagpur
