Causes of Sudden Dry Eyes Explained
Experiencing sudden dry, itchy, or irritated eyes? Learn the common causes of dry eyes—from screen time to medical conditions; and discover simple remedies and prevention tips to protect your eye health.
Written by Dr. J T Hema Pratima
Reviewed by Dr. Rohinipriyanka Pondugula MBBS
Last updated on 24th Jul, 2025
Do your eyes often feel dry, itchy, or irritated without warning? Sudden dry eyes can be uncomfortable and frustrating, making daily activities like reading, working on a screen, or even blinking painful. Understanding the causes can help you find relief and prevent further discomfort.
What Are Dry Eyes?
Dry eyes occur when your eyes don’t produce enough tears or when the tears evaporate too quickly. Tears are essential for keeping your eyes lubricated, nourished, and protected from infections. When this balance is disrupted, you may experience:
A gritty or sandy sensation
Redness and irritation
Burning or stinging
Blurred vision (especially while reading or using screens)
Sensitivity to light
Watery eyes (as a reflex response to dryness)
Common Causes of Sudden Dry Eyes
Several factors can trigger sudden dry eyes. Identifying the cause can help you take the right steps to manage the condition.
1. Environmental Factors
Dry or windy weather: Low humidity and strong winds can cause tears to evaporate faster.
Air conditioning or heating: Artificial cooling or heating reduces moisture in the air, drying out your eyes.
Smoke or pollution: Exposure to smoke, dust, or smog can irritate your eyes.
2. Prolonged Screen Use (Digital Eye Strain)
Staring at screens (phones, laptops, TVs) for long hours reduces blinking, leading to tear evaporation. This is known as Computer Vision Syndrome (CVS).
3. Contact Lens Wear
Wearing contact lenses for extended periods or not cleaning them properly can cause dryness and irritation.
4. Medications
Certain medications can reduce tear production, including:
Antihistamines (for allergies)
Decongestants
Blood pressure medications
Antidepressants
Hormone replacement therapy
5. Aging & Hormonal Changes
Aging: Tear production decreases naturally with age, especially after 50.
Menopause: Hormonal changes in women can lead to dry eyes.
6. Medical Conditions
Some health issues can contribute to dry eyes, such as:
Autoimmune disorders (Sjögren’s syndrome, rheumatoid arthritis, lupus)
Diabetes
Thyroid disorders
Vitamin A deficiency
Consult a Ophthalmologist for Personalised Advice
7. Eyelid Problems
Conditions like blepharitis (inflammation of eyelids) or meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD) can block oil glands, preventing proper tear lubrication.
8. Recent Eye Surgery
Procedures like LASIK or cataract surgery may temporarily reduce tear production.
How to Manage Sudden Dry Eyes
1. Use Artificial Tears
Over-the-counter lubricating eye drops (artificial tears) can provide quick relief. Choose preservative-free options if you use them frequently.
2. Follow the 20-20-20 Rule
To reduce digital eye strain:
Every 20 minutes, look at something 20 feet away for 20 seconds.
3. Adjust Your Environment
Use a humidifier to add moisture to dry indoor air.
Avoid direct exposure to fans or air conditioners.
Wear wraparound sunglasses outdoors to protect from wind and dust.
4. Blink More Often
Consciously blink more, especially when using screens or reading.
5. Stay Hydrated & Eat Eye-Friendly Foods
Drink plenty of water.
Include omega-3 fatty acids (found in fish, flaxseeds, walnuts) to support tear production.
Eat vitamin A-rich foods (carrots, spinach, sweet potatoes).
6. Warm Compress & Eyelid Hygiene
If you have blepharitis or MGD, apply a warm compress to your closed eyelids for 5-10 minutes, then gently massage them to unclog oil glands.
7. Limit Contact Lens Wear
Give your eyes a break from contacts and switch to glasses occasionally.
When to See a Doctor?
If dry eyes persist despite home remedies, consult an eye specialist if you experience:
Severe pain or redness
Sensitivity to light
Blurred vision that doesn’t improve
Discharge or swelling
Need Help? Book an Eye Check-Up Today!
If dry eyes are affecting your daily life, don’t ignore them. Schedule a consultation with an eye specialist on Apollo 24|7 for expert advice and treatment options.
Consult a Ophthalmologist for Personalised Advice
Consult a Ophthalmologist for Personalised Advice
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