Chronic Fatigue Syndrome Overview and Management
Know about the chronic fatigue syndrome, what it is, causes, symptoms, how it affects the health and managing the chronic fatifue syndrome.
Written by Dr. Dhankecha Mayank Dineshbhai
Reviewed by Dr. M L Ezhilarasan MBBS
Last updated on 4th Sep, 2025
Introduction
Living with persistent tiredness that doesn’t improve with rest can be frustrating and overwhelming. If you’re experiencing extreme fatigue that lasts for months without a clear cause, you might be dealing with Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (CFS), also known as Myalgic Encephalomyelitis (ME/CFS).
This article will help you understand CFS, its symptoms, possible causes, and practical ways to manage it. Remember, you’re not alone—many people experience this condition, and with the right approach, it can be managed effectively.
What is Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (CFS)?
Chronic Fatigue Syndrome is a long-term condition characterised by severe fatigue that doesn’t improve with rest and worsens with physical or mental activity. Unlike normal tiredness, CFS doesn’t go away after a good night’s sleep and can significantly impact daily life.
Common Symptoms of CFS
People with CFS may experience:
- Extreme exhaustion that lasts for 6 months or longer
- Post-exertional malaise (PEM) – feeling much worse after even minor physical or mental effort
- Unrefreshing sleep, even after long rest periods
- Memory or concentration problems ("brain fog")
- Muscle or joint pain without swelling
- Headaches
- Sore throat or swollen lymph nodes
- Dizziness or lightheadedness (especially when standing up)
These symptoms can vary in intensity from day to day, making it hard to predict how you’ll feel.
Consult a General Practitioner for Personalised Advice
What Causes CFS?
The exact cause of CFS is still unknown, but researchers believe several factors may contribute:
1. Viral Infections – Some people develop CFS after infections like Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) or COVID-19.
2. Immune System Issues – Weak or overactive immune responses may play a role.
3. Hormonal Imbalances – Abnormal levels of stress or thyroid hormones could be involved.
4. Genetic Predisposition – Some people may be more likely to develop CFS due to family history.
5. Physical or Emotional Stress – Trauma, surgery, or prolonged stress may trigger symptoms.
Since CFS is a complex condition, diagnosis often involves ruling out other illnesses like anaemia, thyroid disorders, or depression.
How Does CFS Affect Daily Life?
Living with CFS can be challenging because:
- Simple tasks (like showering or grocery shopping) can feel exhausting.
- Work and social life may be disrupted due to unpredictable fatigue.
- Mental health can be affected, leading to frustration, anxiety, or depression.
However, with proper management, many people find ways to improve their quality of life.
Managing Chronic Fatigue Syndrome
While there’s no cure yet, lifestyle changes and medical support can help reduce symptoms. Here are some practical tips:
1. Pace Yourself (Energy Management)
- Avoid overexertion – Break tasks into smaller steps and take frequent breaks.
- Keep an activity diary to track what triggers fatigue.
- Learn to say no – Don’t push yourself beyond your limits.
2. Improve Sleep Quality
- Stick to a regular sleep schedule.
- Avoid caffeine, screens, and heavy meals before bedtime.
- Create a calm, dark, and quiet sleeping environment.
3. Eat a Balanced Diet
- Focus on whole foods (fruits, vegetables, lean proteins, whole grains).
- Stay hydrated – Dehydration can worsen fatigue.
- Limit processed foods, sugar, and alcohol, which can cause energy crashes.
4. Gentle Exercise (If Tolerated)
- Low-impact activities like walking, yoga, or stretching may help.
- Avoid pushing too hard – Stop before you feel exhausted.
- Gradually increase activity under medical supervision.
5. Manage Stress and Mental Health
- Practice relaxation techniques (deep breathing, meditation).
- Consider therapy or counselling to cope with emotional challenges.
- Join support groups to connect with others facing similar struggles.
6. Medical Support
- Some medications can help with pain, sleep, or depression (if needed).
- Supplements like Vitamin B12, Magnesium, or CoQ10 may help some people (consult a doctor first).
When to See a Doctor?
If you experience prolonged fatigue along with other CFS symptoms, consult a healthcare provider. They may recommend:
- Blood tests to rule out other conditions (anaemia, thyroid issues).
- Sleep studies if poor sleep is a concern.
- Referral to a specialist (rheumatologist, neurologist, or fatigue clinic).
If you need expert advice, you can book a consultation with an Apollo24|7 specialist for personalised care.
Final Thoughts
Chronic Fatigue Syndrome can be tough, but with the right strategies, many people find ways to manage their symptoms and improve their well-being. Listen to your body, seek support, and take things one step at a time.
Consult a General Practitioner for Personalised Advice
Consult a General Practitioner for Personalised Advice
Dr Suseela
General Physician
5 Years • MBBS
Bengaluru
Apollo Medical Center, Marathahalli, Bengaluru
Dr. Gunashree V L
General Physician/ Internal Medicine Specialist
3 Years • MBBS
Bengaluru
Apollo Clinic, JP nagar, Bengaluru
Dr. Anand Ravi
General Physician
2 Years • MBBS
Bengaluru
PRESTIGE SHANTHINIKETAN - SOCIETY CLINIC, Bengaluru
Dr Syed Mateen Pasha
General Physician
2 Years • MBBS
Bengaluru
PRESTIGE SHANTHINIKETAN - SOCIETY CLINIC, Bengaluru
Dr Bhargav Vuppumalla
General Physician/ Internal Medicine Specialist
5 Years • MBBS MD GENERAL MEDICINE
Bengaluru
Apollo Medical Center, Marathahalli, Bengaluru
Consult a General Practitioner for Personalised Advice
Dr Suseela
General Physician
5 Years • MBBS
Bengaluru
Apollo Medical Center, Marathahalli, Bengaluru
Dr. Gunashree V L
General Physician/ Internal Medicine Specialist
3 Years • MBBS
Bengaluru
Apollo Clinic, JP nagar, Bengaluru
Dr. Anand Ravi
General Physician
2 Years • MBBS
Bengaluru
PRESTIGE SHANTHINIKETAN - SOCIETY CLINIC, Bengaluru
Dr Syed Mateen Pasha
General Physician
2 Years • MBBS
Bengaluru
PRESTIGE SHANTHINIKETAN - SOCIETY CLINIC, Bengaluru
Dr Bhargav Vuppumalla
General Physician/ Internal Medicine Specialist
5 Years • MBBS MD GENERAL MEDICINE
Bengaluru
Apollo Medical Center, Marathahalli, Bengaluru
