Understanding Endometriotic Cysts and Their Impact
Endometriotic cysts, or endometriomas, are linked to endometriosis and can cause pain, fertility issues, and more. Learn their symptoms, causes, and treatment options for better management.
Written by Dr. Siri Nallapu
Reviewed by Dr. Shaik Abdul Kalam MD (Physician)
Last updated on 20th Aug, 2025
Endometriotic cysts, also known as endometriomas, are a common yet often misunderstood health concern affecting many women. These cysts can cause discomfort, pain, and sometimes fertility issues, making it essential to understand their causes, symptoms, and management. If you or someone you know is dealing with this condition, this article will provide clear, compassionate, and practical information to help you navigate it with confidence.
What Are Endometriotic Cysts?
Endometriotic cysts are fluid-filled sacs that form when tissue similar to the lining of the uterus (endometrium) grows outside the uterus, often on the ovaries. Unlike regular ovarian cysts, endometriomas contain old blood, giving them a dark, thick appearance—sometimes called "chocolate cysts." These cysts are a hallmark of endometriosis, a condition where endometrial-like tissue grows in places it shouldn’t.
Symptoms of Endometriotic Cysts
The symptoms can vary from mild to severe, and some women may not experience any symptoms at all. Common signs include:
- Pelvic pain: Often worse during menstruation (dysmenorrhea).
- Pain during intercourse (dyspareunia): Discomfort during or after sex.
- Heavy or irregular periods: Unusually painful or prolonged menstrual bleeding.
- Infertility: Difficulty conceiving due to cysts affecting ovarian function.
- Chronic lower back or abdominal pain: Persistent discomfort outside of menstruation.
- Painful bowel movements or urination: Especially during periods.
If you experience any of these symptoms, it’s important to consult a doctor for proper evaluation.
Causes and Risk Factors
The exact cause of endometriotic cysts isn’t fully understood, but possible factors include:
- Retrograde menstruation: When menstrual blood flows backward into the pelvic cavity instead of leaving the body.
- Genetic predisposition: A family history of endometriosis increases risk.
- Hormonal imbalances: High estrogen levels may promote cyst formation.
- Immune system issues: Problems with immune function may allow endometrial tissue to grow outside the uterus.
How Endometriotic Cysts Affect Health
Endometriomas can impact a woman’s physical and emotional well-being in several ways:
- Chronic Pain: Persistent discomfort can affect daily life and mental health.
- Fertility Challenges: Cysts may interfere with ovulation or damage reproductive organs.
- Ovarian Damage: Large cysts can affect ovarian function.
- Increased Risk of Ovarian Cancer: Though rare, endometriosis slightly raises this risk.
Diagnosis
If your doctor suspects endometriotic cysts, they may recommend:
- Pelvic exam: To check for abnormalities.
- Ultrasound: Transvaginal ultrasound helps visualize cysts.
- MRI: Provides detailed images for larger or complex cysts.
- Laparoscopy: A minimally invasive surgery to confirm diagnosis and remove cysts if needed.
Consult Top Gynecologists
Treatment and Management
Treatment depends on symptom severity, cyst size, and fertility goals. Options include:
1. Pain Management
- Over-the-counter pain relievers (e.g., ibuprofen).
- Hormonal therapies (birth control pills, progesterone) to reduce cyst growth.
2. Surgical Options
- Laparoscopic cyst removal: Preserves ovarian tissue.
- Oophorectomy: Removal of the ovary in severe cases (rare).
3. Fertility Support
- Fertility treatments (IVF) if cysts affect conception.
4. Lifestyle and Dietary Tips
- Anti-inflammatory diet: Focus on fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and omega-3 fatty acids (found in fish, flaxseeds).
- Regular exercise: Helps reduce inflammation and pain.
- Stress management: Yoga, meditation, or therapy can help cope with chronic pain.
- Avoiding excess caffeine and alcohol: These may worsen symptoms.
When to Seek Help?
If you experience:
- Severe pelvic pain.
- Heavy bleeding or irregular periods.
- Difficulty getting pregnant.
Consider consulting a specialist. Early diagnosis and treatment can prevent complications.
How Apollo24|7 Can Help?
If you suspect you have endometriotic cysts or need expert advice, Apollo24|7 offers:
- Consultations with gynecologists for personalized care.
- Diagnostic tests (ultrasound, MRI) for accurate detection.
- Fertility counseling for family planning support.
You can easily book an appointment or schedule a test through the Apollo24|7 app or website.
Final Thoughts
Living with endometriotic cysts can be challenging, but understanding the condition and seeking timely care can make a big difference. With the right treatment and lifestyle adjustments, many women manage their symptoms effectively and maintain a good quality of life. If you’re concerned about endometriomas, don’t hesitate to reach out to a healthcare provider.
Consult Top Gynecologists
Consult Top Gynecologists
Dr. Navin Srinivasan
Obstetrician and Gynaecologist
9 Years • MBBS, MS, DNB (OBS-GYNAE), MCH (GYNE ONCOLOGY) MRCOG - 2 (Gold Medalist )
Bengaluru
Apollo Clinic, Sarjapur Road, Bengaluru
Dr. Rupam Manna
Radiation Specialist Oncologist
4 Years • MBBS MD(RADIO THERAPY)
Barasat
Diab-Eat-Ease, Barasat
Dr. Sreeparna Roy
Obstetrician and Gynaecologist
8 Years • MBBS , MS (OBSTETRICS & GYNAECOLOGY), Fellowship in Infertility, Endoscopy & Ultrasonography), Fellowship in Laparoscopy & Hysteroscopy,DRM
Kolkata
Dr Utsa Basu Clinic, Kolkata
Dr Bhawna Garg
Gynaecological Oncologist
26 Years • MBBS, MS, (PGI MS ROHTAK) FELLOWSHIP GYNECOLOGY ONCOLOGY, (CANCER INSTITUTE CHENNAI)
Delhi
Apollo Hospitals Indraprastha, Delhi
Dr. Amit Choraria
Surgical Oncologist
18 Years • MBBS, MS (Surgery) Fellow, Surgical Oncology, Tata Medical Center (FSO) Fellow, European Board of Surgery (Surgical Oncology) (FEBS) Fellow, Minimal Access Surgery (FMAS) Fellow, Indian Association of Gastrointestinal Endosurgeons (FIAGES) UICC Fellow, Royal Marsden NHS, London, UK Visiting Scholar, Plastic Reconstructive Surgery, CGMH, Taiwan Fellow, Robotic Surgical Oncology, Vattikuti Foundation, USA
Kolkata
Apollo Multispeciality Hospitals , Kolkata, Kolkata
(50+ Patients)
Consult Top Gynecologists
Dr. Navin Srinivasan
Obstetrician and Gynaecologist
9 Years • MBBS, MS, DNB (OBS-GYNAE), MCH (GYNE ONCOLOGY) MRCOG - 2 (Gold Medalist )
Bengaluru
Apollo Clinic, Sarjapur Road, Bengaluru
Dr. Rupam Manna
Radiation Specialist Oncologist
4 Years • MBBS MD(RADIO THERAPY)
Barasat
Diab-Eat-Ease, Barasat
Dr. Sreeparna Roy
Obstetrician and Gynaecologist
8 Years • MBBS , MS (OBSTETRICS & GYNAECOLOGY), Fellowship in Infertility, Endoscopy & Ultrasonography), Fellowship in Laparoscopy & Hysteroscopy,DRM
Kolkata
Dr Utsa Basu Clinic, Kolkata
Dr Bhawna Garg
Gynaecological Oncologist
26 Years • MBBS, MS, (PGI MS ROHTAK) FELLOWSHIP GYNECOLOGY ONCOLOGY, (CANCER INSTITUTE CHENNAI)
Delhi
Apollo Hospitals Indraprastha, Delhi
Dr. Amit Choraria
Surgical Oncologist
18 Years • MBBS, MS (Surgery) Fellow, Surgical Oncology, Tata Medical Center (FSO) Fellow, European Board of Surgery (Surgical Oncology) (FEBS) Fellow, Minimal Access Surgery (FMAS) Fellow, Indian Association of Gastrointestinal Endosurgeons (FIAGES) UICC Fellow, Royal Marsden NHS, London, UK Visiting Scholar, Plastic Reconstructive Surgery, CGMH, Taiwan Fellow, Robotic Surgical Oncology, Vattikuti Foundation, USA
Kolkata
Apollo Multispeciality Hospitals , Kolkata, Kolkata
(50+ Patients)
