Fibromyalgia Symptoms, Causes, Diagnosis and Treatment
Learn about fibromyalgia symptoms, causes, diagnosis, and treatment options, plus effective lifestyle tips to manage pain, fatigue, and improve quality of life.
Written by Dr. Dhankecha Mayank Dineshbhai
Reviewed by Dr. D Bhanu Prakash MBBS, AFIH, Advanced certificate in critical care medicine, Fellowship in critical care medicine
Last updated on 28th Aug, 2025
Fibromyalgia is a chronic condition that causes widespread pain, fatigue, and tenderness in muscles and soft tissues. While it doesn’t damage joints or organs, it can significantly impact daily life. If you or someone you know is struggling with unexplained pain and fatigue, this guide will help you understand fibromyalgia better; its symptoms, causes, diagnosis, and treatment options.
Consult an Rheumatologist for the best advice
What is Fibromyalgia?
Fibromyalgia is a long-term disorder that affects how the brain processes pain signals, leading to heightened sensitivity. People with fibromyalgia often experience:
- Widespread pain (aching, burning, or stiffness)
- Extreme tiredness (even after sleeping)
- Cognitive difficulties ("fibro fog", trouble concentrating or remembering)
- Sleep disturbances (trouble falling or staying asleep)
It is more common in women than men and often develops between ages 30 and 50, though it can occur at any age.
Common Symptoms of Fibromyalgia
Fibromyalgia symptoms vary from person to person but typically include:
1. Chronic Pain – Persistent dull ache affecting both sides of the body, often in the neck, shoulders, back, hips, and legs.
2. Fatigue – Feeling exhausted despite adequate sleep.
3. Sleep Problems – Difficulty falling asleep, frequent waking, or non-restorative sleep.
4. Cognitive Issues – Trouble focusing, memory lapses, or mental confusion.
5. Headaches & Migraines – Frequent tension headaches or migraines.
6. Stiffness – Especially in the morning or after sitting for long periods.
7. Mood Disorders – Anxiety or depression due to chronic pain.
8. Digestive Issues – IBS (Irritable Bowel Syndrome) symptoms like bloating, constipation, or diarrhea.
9. Numbness/Tingling – In hands and feet.
What Causes Fibromyalgia?
The exact cause of fibromyalgia is unknown, but research suggests several contributing factors:
- Genetics – Family history may increase risk.
- Infections – Some illnesses trigger or worsen symptoms.
- Physical or Emotional Trauma – Stress, accidents, or PTSD may play a role.
- Abnormal Pain Processing – The brain amplifies pain signals.
- Sleep Disorders – Poor sleep may contribute to symptoms.
How is Fibromyalgia Diagnosed?
There’s no single test for fibromyalgia. Doctors diagnose it based on:
1. Medical History – Discussing symptoms and family history.
2. Physical Exam – Checking for tender points (though this is less common now).
3. Blood Tests – To rule out other conditions like arthritis, thyroid issues, or vitamin deficiencies.
4. Symptom Assessment – Using criteria like widespread pain lasting at least three months.
If you suspect fibromyalgia, consult a rheumatologist or pain specialist for an accurate diagnosis.
Treatment Options for Fibromyalgia
While there’s no cure, treatments can help manage symptoms effectively. A combination of medication, lifestyle changes, and therapies works best.
1. Medications
- Pain Relievers – Over-the-counter (OTC) painkillers like acetaminophen or ibuprofen (used cautiously).
- Antidepressants – Duloxetine or amitriptyline help with pain and sleep.
- Anti-seizure Drugs – Pregabalin or gabapentin reduce nerve-related pain.
2. Lifestyle & Home Remedies
- Gentle Exercise – Walking, swimming, or yoga improves flexibility and reduces pain.
- Good Sleep Hygiene – Maintain a regular sleep schedule and avoid caffeine before bed.
- Stress Management – Meditation, deep breathing, or therapy helps.
- Balanced Diet – Anti-inflammatory foods (fruits, vegetables, omega-3s) may ease symptoms.
3. Alternative Therapies
- Physical Therapy – Strengthens muscles and improves mobility.
- Acupuncture – May help reduce pain in some patients.
- Massage Therapy – Relieves muscle tension and stress.
When to See a Doctor?
If you experience:
- Persistent pain lasting more than 3 months
- Severe fatigue affecting daily life
- Sleep problems despite trying remedies
- Mood changes due to chronic pain
- Consider booking a consultation with a specialist through Apollo 24|7 for personalized care.
Final Thoughts
Fibromyalgia can be challenging, but with the right approach, symptoms can be managed effectively. Early diagnosis, a healthy lifestyle, and medical support can make a big difference. If you suspect fibromyalgia, don’t hesitate to seek help; relief is possible!
Would you like to schedule a consultation or diagnostic test? Visit Apollo 24|7 for expert guidance and support.
Consult an Rheumatologist for the best advice
Consult an Rheumatologist for the best advice
Dr. Thorana Prakash M
General Physician
2 Years • MBBS
Bengaluru
PRESTIGE SHANTHINIKETAN - SOCIETY CLINIC, Bengaluru
Dr. Anand Ravi
General Physician
2 Years • MBBS
Bengaluru
PRESTIGE SHANTHINIKETAN - SOCIETY CLINIC, Bengaluru
Dr Aishwarya G
Rheumatologist
10 Years • MBBS,. MD (General Medicine), DM (Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology)
Chennai
Apollo Speciality Hospitals OMR, Chennai
(25+ Patients)
Dr Balameena
Rheumatologist
20 Years • MBBS, MD,DM (Rheumatology)
Chennai
Apollo Clinic, Velachery, Chennai
Dr. Zulkarnain
General Physician
2 Years • MBBS, PGDM, FFM
Bengaluru
PRESTIGE SHANTHINIKETAN - SOCIETY CLINIC, Bengaluru
Consult an Rheumatologist for the best advice
Dr. Thorana Prakash M
General Physician
2 Years • MBBS
Bengaluru
PRESTIGE SHANTHINIKETAN - SOCIETY CLINIC, Bengaluru
Dr. Anand Ravi
General Physician
2 Years • MBBS
Bengaluru
PRESTIGE SHANTHINIKETAN - SOCIETY CLINIC, Bengaluru
Dr Aishwarya G
Rheumatologist
10 Years • MBBS,. MD (General Medicine), DM (Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology)
Chennai
Apollo Speciality Hospitals OMR, Chennai
(25+ Patients)
Dr Balameena
Rheumatologist
20 Years • MBBS, MD,DM (Rheumatology)
Chennai
Apollo Clinic, Velachery, Chennai
Dr. Zulkarnain
General Physician
2 Years • MBBS, PGDM, FFM
Bengaluru
PRESTIGE SHANTHINIKETAN - SOCIETY CLINIC, Bengaluru
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