Rectal Prolapse: Symptoms, Treatment and Causes
Understand rectal prolapse symptoms, causes, diagnosis, and treatment options including diet changes, pelvic floor exercises, and surgical procedures, plus prevention tips for better bowel health.
Dealing with health issues can be overwhelming, especially when they involve sensitive areas like the rectum. If you or a loved one is experiencing discomfort or unusual symptoms, it’s important to understand what might be happening. One such condition is rectal prolapse, where part of the rectum slips out of place. While it may sound alarming, knowing the symptoms, causes, and treatment options can help you take the right steps toward recovery.
What Is Rectal Prolapse?
Rectal prolapse occurs when the rectum (the lower part of the large intestine) loses its normal attachments inside the body and slips out through the anus. This can happen partially or completely, leading to discomfort and other complications if left untreated.
While it can affect people of any age, it’s more common in:
- Older adults (especially women over 50)
- Young children (often due to constipation or straining)
- Individuals with chronic bowel issues
Symptoms of Rectal Prolapse
Recognizing the signs early can help in seeking timely medical care. Common symptoms include:
- A bulge or protrusion from the anus (especially after bowel movements)
- Pain or discomfort in the rectal area
- Bleeding or mucus discharge from the rectum
- Difficulty controlling bowel movements (fecal incontinence)
- Feeling of incomplete bowel emptying
- Constipation or straining during bowel movements
- If you notice any of these symptoms, it’s best to consult a doctor for proper evaluation.
What Causes Rectal Prolapse?
Several factors can contribute to rectal prolapse, including:
1. Chronic Constipation or Straining – Frequent straining during bowel movements weakens rectal muscles over time.
2. Weak Pelvic Floor Muscles – Often due to aging, childbirth (in women), or previous surgeries.
3. Nerve Damage – Conditions like diabetes, spinal cord injuries, or multiple sclerosis can affect bowel control.
4. Genetic Factors – Some people may have naturally weaker connective tissues.
5. Other Medical Conditions – Cystic fibrosis, chronic diarrhea, or parasitic infections can increase the risk.
How Is Rectal Prolapse Diagnosed?
A doctor will typically:
- Ask about your symptoms and medical history.
- Perform a physical exam to check for prolapse.
- Recommend tests like colonoscopy, MRI, or defecography (a special X-ray during bowel movements) if needed.
- Early diagnosis helps in choosing the best treatment approach.
Treatment Options for Rectal Prolapse
Treatment depends on the severity of the condition:
1. Non-Surgical Treatments (For Mild Cases)
- Dietary Changes – Eating high-fiber foods (fruits, vegetables, whole grains) and drinking plenty of water can ease constipation.
- Pelvic Floor Exercises (Kegels) – Strengthening these muscles can improve bowel control.
- Stool Softeners or Laxatives – Help reduce straining during bowel movements.
- Avoiding Heavy Lifting – Prevents extra pressure on the rectum.
2. Surgical Treatments (For Severe or Recurrent Cases)
If lifestyle changes don’t help, surgery may be needed. Common procedures include:
- Rectopexy – The rectum is repositioned and secured inside the body.
- Resection – Removing the prolapsed part of the rectum.
- Perineal Repair – A less invasive option for older or high-risk patients.
- Your doctor will recommend the best option based on your age, health, and severity of prolapse.
Can Rectal Prolapse Be Prevented?
While not all cases can be prevented, these steps can lower your risk:
- Eat a high-fiber diet to avoid constipation.
- Stay hydrated to keep stools soft.
- Exercise regularly to strengthen pelvic muscles.
- Avoid straining during bowel movements.
- Treat chronic coughs or diarrhea promptly.
When to See a Doctor?
If you experience:
- Persistent rectal pain or bleeding
- A visible bulge from the anus
- Loss of bowel control
- …don’t hesitate to seek medical help. Early treatment can prevent complications like infections or tissue damage.
Get Expert Care with Apollo 24|7
If you suspect rectal prolapse or need guidance, Apollo 24|7 offers:
- Expert consultations with gastroenterologists and surgeons
- Diagnostic tests for accurate evaluation
- Personalized treatment plans
- You can book an appointment online and get the right care from the comfort of your home.
Final Thoughts
Rectal prolapse can be uncomfortable, but with the right care, it’s manageable. Whether through lifestyle changes or medical treatment, help is available. If you’re experiencing symptoms, don’t ignore them; reach out to a healthcare professional for support.
Consult a Specialist for the best advice
Consult a Specialist for the best advice
Dr. Mainak Baksi
General Practitioner
13 Years • MBBS , MD (MPH)
Howrah
Mainak Baksi Clinic, Howrah
(50+ Patients)
Dr. Rajib Ghose
General Practitioner
25 Years • MBBS
East Midnapore
VIVEKANANDA SEBA SADAN, East Midnapore
Dr. Anshul Maheshwari
General Practitioner
5 Years • MBBS
Lucknow
Apollo 24|7 Clinic - Uttar Pradesh, Lucknow
Dr. Suvadeep Sen
Critical Care Specialist
12 Years • MBBS, MD, FNB (CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE), EDIC
Mumbai
Apollo Hospitals CBD Belapur, Mumbai
Dr. Tanmaya Kumar Sahu
General Physician/ Internal Medicine Specialist
12 Years • MBBS, MD ( Internal Medicine )
Bhubaneswar
Apollo Hospitals Old Sainik School Road, Bhubaneswar
