Still's Disease Overview: Symptoms, Causes, Treatment
Get a clear overview of Still's Disease. Learn about its key symptoms, potential causes, and the range of effective treatment options available for managing the condition.
Written by Dr. Siri Nallapu
Reviewed by Dr. Shaik Abdul Kalam MD (Physician)
Last updated on 22nd Aug, 2025
Still’s disease is a rare inflammatory condition that can cause high fever, joint pain, and a distinctive rash. While it can affect people of any age, it is most commonly seen in children (known as Systemic Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis) and young adults (called Adult Onset Still’s Disease).
If you or a loved one has been diagnosed with Still’s disease, you may have questions about what it means and how to manage it. This article will explain the symptoms, causes, and treatment options in simple terms, along with practical tips for living well with this condition.
What Are the Symptoms of Still’s Disease?
Still’s disease can cause a variety of symptoms, which may come and go in episodes (flareups). The most common signs include:
High fever (often above 102°F or 39°C) – Fevers usually spike in the late afternoon or evening and may last for days.
Pink or salmon colored rash – This rash often appears on the arms, legs, or trunk and may come and go with fever spikes.
Joint pain and swelling – Commonly affects the knees, wrists, and ankles, making movement painful.
Muscle pain – Severe muscle aches may accompany fever flares.
Sore throat – Many patients experience a persistent, burning throat pain.
Swollen lymph nodes – Enlarged glands, especially in the neck.
Fatigue and weakness – Feeling extremely tired even after rest.
If these symptoms persist for weeks or months, it’s important to see a doctor for proper diagnosis and treatment.
What Causes Still’s Disease?
The exact cause of Still’s disease is unknown, but researchers believe it may be related to:
Autoimmune response – The immune system mistakenly attacks healthy tissues, causing inflammation.
Genetic factors – Some people may have genes that make them more prone to this condition.
Infections – Certain viral or bacterial infections might trigger Still’s disease in some individuals.
Since the cause isn’t fully understood, prevention isn’t always possible. However, early diagnosis and treatment can help control symptoms and prevent complications.
How Is Still’s Disease Diagnosed?
Diagnosing Still’s disease can be tricky because its symptoms resemble other illnesses like infections or autoimmune disorders. Doctors may use:
Blood tests – To check for high white blood cell count, inflammation markers (like CRP and ESR), and liver function.
Imaging tests – Xrays, ultrasounds, or MRIs to examine joint damage.
Ruleout approach – Doctors may first exclude other conditions (like lupus or rheumatoid arthritis) before confirming Still’s disease.
If you suspect you have Still’s disease, booking a consultation with a rheumatologist (a specialist in joint and autoimmune diseases) is a good next step.
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How Is Still’s Disease Treated?
While there’s no cure for Still’s disease, treatments can help manage symptoms and prevent long-term joint damage. Common approaches include:
1. Medications
Nonsteroidal AntiInflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs) – Help reduce fever and joint pain (e.g., ibuprofen).
Corticosteroids (like prednisone) – Used for severe inflammation but may have side effects with long-term use.
DiseaseModifying Antirheumatic Drugs (DMARDs) – Such as methotrexate, to slow disease progression.
Biologic therapies – Drugs like anakinra or tocilizumab target specific immune responses.
2. Lifestyle and Home Remedies
Rest and gentle exercise – Low impact activities like swimming or yoga can help maintain joint flexibility.
Heat and cold therapy – Warm baths or ice packs can ease joint pain.
Healthy diet – Antiinflammatory foods (like fish, nuts, and leafy greens) may help reduce flareups.
Stress management – Techniques like meditation can help, as stress may worsen symptoms.
3. Regular Monitoring
Since Still’s disease can affect organs like the heart and lungs, regular checkups are essential.
When Should You See a Doctor?
If you experience persistent high fever, unexplained rash, or joint pain, consult a doctor. Early treatment can prevent complications like chronic arthritis or organ damage.
For expert care, you can book a rheumatologist consultation through Apollo 24|7 for personalized advice and treatment options.
Final Thoughts
Living with Still’s disease can be challenging, but with the right treatment and lifestyle adjustments, many people lead active, fulfilling lives. If you suspect you have symptoms, don’t hesitate to seek medical help—early intervention makes a big difference.
Stay informed, stay proactive, and remember, you’re not alone in this journey!
Need help? Schedule a consultation with a specialist today on Apollo 24|7 for expert guidance.
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