Testicular Torsion Overview
Know about the testicular torsion, its symptoms, diagnosis, causes and treatment options. Learn about the prevention and when to see the doctor, and more.
Written by Dr. Dhankecha Mayank Dineshbhai
Reviewed by Dr. D Bhanu Prakash MBBS, AFIH, Advanced certificate in critical care medicine, Fellowship in critical care medicine
Last updated on 22nd Aug, 2025
Introduction
Testicular torsion is a serious medical condition that requires immediate attention. If you or someone you know is experiencing sudden, severe pain in the testicles, it could be a sign of testicular torsion. In this article, we’ll explain what testicular torsion is, its symptoms, causes, and treatment options in simple terms.
What Is Testicular Torsion?
Testicular torsion occurs when the spermatic cord (which supplies blood to the testicle) twists, cutting off blood flow. This can lead to severe pain and, if not treated quickly, permanent damage to the testicle.
This condition is most common in males between the ages of 12 and 20, but it can happen at any age, including newborns. Since time is critical, seeking medical help immediately is crucial.
Consult a Urologist for Personalised Advice
Symptoms of Testicular Torsion
The most common signs of testicular torsion include:
- Sudden, severe pain in one testicle (often without any injury)
- Swelling and redness in the scrotum
- Nausea and vomiting (due to extreme pain)
- One testicle appears higher than the other
- Abdominal pain in some cases
If you or your child experiences these symptoms, do not wait—seek emergency medical care right away.
What Causes Testicular Torsion?
Testicular torsion happens when the testicle rotates inside the scrotum, twisting the spermatic cord. Some factors that may increase the risk include:
- Congenital abnormality – Some males are born with a condition where the testicles are not firmly attached inside the scrotum, making them more likely to twist.
- Physical activity or injury – Sometimes, torsion can occur after sports or trauma, but it can also happen during sleep.
- Cold weather – Some cases have been linked to sudden exposure to cold temperatures.
How Is Testicular Torsion Diagnosed?
If a doctor suspects testicular torsion, they will perform:
- A physical exam – Checking for swelling, tenderness, and the position of the testicle.
- Ultrasound – To check blood flow to the testicle.
- Urgent surgery – In some cases, if torsion is strongly suspected, doctors may proceed directly to surgery without waiting for imaging.
Treatment for Testicular Torsion
- Testicular torsion is a medical emergency. The sooner treatment is given, the better the chances of saving the testicle.
- Manual Detorsion – In some cases, a doctor may try to manually untwist the testicle, but surgery is usually needed.
- Surgery (Orchiopexy) – The surgeon will untwist the cord and secure the testicle to prevent future torsion. If the testicle is severely damaged, it may need to be removed.
- Recovery after surgery usually takes a few days, and patients are advised to avoid strenuous activities for a few weeks.
Can Testicular Torsion Be Prevented?
Unfortunately, there’s no guaranteed way to prevent testicular torsion, but if you have a history of torsion or a family history, talk to a doctor. In some cases, preventive surgery may be recommended to secure the other testicle.
When to See a Doctor?
If you or your child experiences:
- Sudden, severe testicular pain
- Swelling or redness in the scrotum
- Nausea or vomiting along with testicular pain
Do not delay, seek emergency care immediately.
Final Thoughts
Testicular torsion is a serious but treatable condition if acted upon quickly. Unfortunately, there is no prevention method for it. Knowing the symptoms and acting fast can make all the difference in preventing long-term damage.
Consult a Urologist for Personalised Advice
Consult a Urologist for Personalised Advice
Dr. Pavan Kumar S K
Urologist
11 Years • MBBS, MS , Mch( Urology) DNB (Urology)
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Apollo Clinic, JP nagar, Bengaluru
Dr. Sudhakar G V
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25 Years • MBBS, MS(Gen.Surgery), DNB Urology
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Dr. Prabir Basu
Urologist
19 Years • MBBS, MS General Surgery, DNB Genito-Urinary Surgery
Jodhpur Park
Dr. Prabir Basu urology clinic, Jodhpur Park
(150+ Patients)
Dr Anupam Sharma
Urologist
18 Years • MBBS, MS(Gen Surgery), DNB (Urology)
Delhi
Apollo Hospitals Indraprastha, Delhi
Dr. Mohammed Rehan Khan
Urologist
8 Years • MBBS, MS (General Surgery), Mch (Urology)
Barasat
Diab-Eat-Ease, Barasat
Consult a Urologist for Personalised Advice
Dr. Pavan Kumar S K
Urologist
11 Years • MBBS, MS , Mch( Urology) DNB (Urology)
Bengaluru
Apollo Clinic, JP nagar, Bengaluru
Dr. Sudhakar G V
Urologist
25 Years • MBBS, MS(Gen.Surgery), DNB Urology
Bengaluru
Apollo Clinic, JP nagar, Bengaluru
Dr. Prabir Basu
Urologist
19 Years • MBBS, MS General Surgery, DNB Genito-Urinary Surgery
Jodhpur Park
Dr. Prabir Basu urology clinic, Jodhpur Park
(150+ Patients)
Dr Anupam Sharma
Urologist
18 Years • MBBS, MS(Gen Surgery), DNB (Urology)
Delhi
Apollo Hospitals Indraprastha, Delhi
Dr. Mohammed Rehan Khan
Urologist
8 Years • MBBS, MS (General Surgery), Mch (Urology)
Barasat
Diab-Eat-Ease, Barasat
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