Nipple Discharge: Causes, Colors, and Treatment
Learn about nipple discharge, including its possible causes, different colours, and what they may indicate. Discover when it's normal, when to seek medical attention, and the treatment options available.
Written by Dr. Mohammed Kamran
Reviewed by Dr. Rohinipriyanka Pondugula MBBS
Last updated on 27th Aug, 2025
Introduction
Nipple discharge can be a worrying experience, but it’s important to know that it isn’t always a sign of something serious. Many women (and even some men) experience nipple discharge at some point in their lives. While most cases are harmless, some may require medical attention.
In this article, we’ll discuss the possible causes, what different colours of discharge might mean, and when you should see a doctor.
What Is Nipple Discharge?
Nipple discharge refers to any fluid that comes out of the nipple, other than breast milk. It can happen in one or both breasts and may vary in colour, consistency, and frequency.
Consult a Gynaecologist for the best advice
Common Causes of Nipple Discharge
Nipple discharge can occur for various reasons, some harmless and others needing medical attention.
1. Normal (Physiological) Discharge
- Small amounts of clear, milky, or yellowish discharge can be normal, especially in women who have been pregnant or breastfeeding.
- Hormonal changes (during periods, pregnancy, or menopause) can also cause temporary discharge.
2. Medications & Hormonal Imbalances
- Birth control pills, antidepressants, or blood pressure medications may trigger nipple discharge.
- Conditions like hyperprolactinemia (high prolactin hormone levels) can cause milky discharge.
3. Infections & Blocked Ducts
- Mastitis (breast infection) can lead to pus-like or bloody discharge, often with pain and swelling.
- A blocked milk duct may cause thick, sticky discharge.
4. Benign (Non-Cancerous) Growths
- Intraductal papilloma (a small wart-like growth in the milk duct) is a common cause of bloody or clear discharge.
- Fibrocystic breast changes (lumpy breasts) can sometimes cause discharge.
5. Cancer (Rare but Serious)
Breast cancer can sometimes cause nipple discharge, especially if it’s bloody, from one breast only, or accompanied by a lump.
What Does the Colour of Nipple Discharge Mean?
The colour of the discharge can give clues about its cause:
When Should You See a Doctor?
While most nipple discharge is harmless, you should consult a doctor if you notice:
- Bloody or brown discharge
- Discharge from only one nipple
- Discharge that happens without squeezing the nipple
- Lump in the breast along with discharge
- Skin changes (redness, dimpling, or nipple inversion)
- Persistent discharge (lasting weeks or months)
Diagnosis & Tests
If you visit a doctor, they may recommend:
- Physical exam – Checking for lumps or tenderness.
- Mammogram or Ultrasound – Imaging tests to detect abnormalities.
- Blood tests – To check hormone levels (like prolactin).
- Ductogram or Biopsy – If a blocked duct or cancer is suspected.
Treatment Options
Treatment depends on the cause:
- Hormonal imbalance – Medications to regulate hormones.
- Infection – Antibiotics for mastitis.
- Blocked duct – Warm compresses and gentle massage.
- Intraductal papilloma – Minor surgery to remove the growth.
- Cancer – Surgery, chemotherapy, or radiation if needed.
Tips to Manage Nipple Discharge
Helpful tips can make managing nipple discharge easier.
- Avoid squeezing the nipple – This can worsen discharge.
- Wear a supportive bra – Helps reduce irritation.
- Monitor changes – Keep track of discharge colour and frequency.
- Reduce caffeine & salt – If you have fibrocystic breasts.
- Stay hydrated & eat a balanced diet – Supports overall breast health.
When to Seek Immediate Help
If you experience:
- Severe pain, fever, or swelling (signs of infection)
- Sudden bloody discharge
- A hard lump that doesn’t go away
Don’t ignore these signs; consult a doctor right away.
Final Thoughts
Nipple discharge is common and often harmless, but it’s always best to get it checked if you’re concerned. Early detection of any underlying issue can make treatment easier and more effective.
Consult a Gynaecologist for the best advice
Consult a Gynaecologist for the best advice
Dr. Sushith C
General Physician
2 Years • MBBS
Bengaluru
PRESTIGE SHANTHINIKETAN - SOCIETY CLINIC, Bengaluru
Dr. Rupam Manna
Radiation Specialist Oncologist
4 Years • MBBS MD(RADIO THERAPY)
Barasat
Diab-Eat-Ease, Barasat
Dr. Sreeparna Roy
Obstetrician and Gynaecologist
8 Years • MBBS , MS (OBSTETRICS & GYNAECOLOGY), Fellowship in Infertility, Endoscopy & Ultrasonography), Fellowship in Laparoscopy & Hysteroscopy,DRM
Kolkata
Dr Utsa Basu Clinic, Kolkata
Dr. Navin Srinivasan
Obstetrician and Gynaecologist
9 Years • MBBS, MS, DNB (OBS-GYNAE), MCH (GYNE ONCOLOGY) MRCOG - 2 (Gold Medalist )
Bengaluru
Apollo Clinic, Sarjapur Road, Bengaluru
Dr. Swati Shah
Surgical Oncologist
15 Years • DNB Surgical Oncology, certified Robotic Cancer Surgeon
Ahmedabad
Apollo Hospitals Gandhinagar, Ahmedabad
(25+ Patients)
Consult a Gynaecologist for the best advice
Dr. Sushith C
General Physician
2 Years • MBBS
Bengaluru
PRESTIGE SHANTHINIKETAN - SOCIETY CLINIC, Bengaluru
Dr. Rupam Manna
Radiation Specialist Oncologist
4 Years • MBBS MD(RADIO THERAPY)
Barasat
Diab-Eat-Ease, Barasat
Dr. Sreeparna Roy
Obstetrician and Gynaecologist
8 Years • MBBS , MS (OBSTETRICS & GYNAECOLOGY), Fellowship in Infertility, Endoscopy & Ultrasonography), Fellowship in Laparoscopy & Hysteroscopy,DRM
Kolkata
Dr Utsa Basu Clinic, Kolkata
Dr. Navin Srinivasan
Obstetrician and Gynaecologist
9 Years • MBBS, MS, DNB (OBS-GYNAE), MCH (GYNE ONCOLOGY) MRCOG - 2 (Gold Medalist )
Bengaluru
Apollo Clinic, Sarjapur Road, Bengaluru
Dr. Swati Shah
Surgical Oncologist
15 Years • DNB Surgical Oncology, certified Robotic Cancer Surgeon
Ahmedabad
Apollo Hospitals Gandhinagar, Ahmedabad
(25+ Patients)
