Thrombus and Thrombosis Overview and Management
Learn about thrombus and thrombosis, their causes, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment. Get prevention tips to reduce clot risks and know when to seek medical help.
Written by Dr. Siri Nallapu
Reviewed by Dr. D Bhanu Prakash MBBS, AFIH, Advanced certificate in critical care medicine, Fellowship in critical care medicine
Last updated on 28th Aug, 2025
Dealing with health issues can be overwhelming, especially when medical terms like thrombus and thrombosis come up. But don’t worry; we’re here to break it down in simple terms so you can understand what these conditions mean, how they affect your body, and what you can do to manage them.
What is a Thrombus?
A thrombus is simply a blood clot that forms inside a blood vessel. Normally, blood clots are helpful; they stop bleeding when you get a cut. However, when a clot forms unnecessarily inside a vein or artery, it can block blood flow, leading to serious health problems.
What is Thrombosis?
Thrombosis occurs when a thrombus (blood clot) blocks a blood vessel, either partially or completely. Depending on where the clot forms, it can cause different types of thrombosis:
1. Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT) – A clot in a deep vein, usually in the legs.
2. Pulmonary Embolism (PE) – A clot that travels to the lungs, which can be life-threatening.
3. Arterial Thrombosis – A clot in an artery, which can lead to heart attack or stroke.
What Causes Thrombosis?
Several factors can increase your risk of developing thrombosis:
- Inactivity (long flights, bed rest, or sitting for hours)
- Injury or surgery (damage to blood vessels can trigger clotting)
- Medical conditions (like high blood pressure, diabetes, or cancer)
- Hormonal changes (pregnancy, birth control pills, or hormone therapy)
- Family history (genetic clotting disorders)
- Smoking and obesity (both increase clotting risks)
Symptoms to Watch For
Thrombosis symptoms depend on where the clot forms:
Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT) Signs:
- Swelling, pain, or tenderness in one leg (usually the calf)
- Warmth and redness over the affected area
- Worsening pain when walking or standing
Pulmonary Embolism (PE) Signs:
- Sudden shortness of breath
- Sharp chest pain (worse with deep breaths)
- Coughing up blood
- Rapid heartbeat or dizziness
Consult an Specialist for the best advice
Arterial Thrombosis (Heart Attack/Stroke) Signs:
- Chest pain or pressure (heart attack)
- Sudden weakness/numbness on one side of the body (stroke)
- Slurred speech or confusion
If you experience any of these symptoms, seek medical help immediately.
How is Thrombosis Diagnosed?
Doctors use different tests to confirm thrombosis:
- Ultrasound (for DVT)
- CT scan or MRI (for PE or arterial clots)
- Blood tests (like D-dimer test)
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If you suspect a clot, don’t delay—early detection can prevent serious complications.
How is Thrombosis Treated?
Treatment depends on the type and severity of the clot. Common approaches include:
1. Blood Thinners (Anticoagulants) – Medications like warfarin or heparin prevent new clots from forming.
2. Clot Busters (Thrombolytics) – Used in emergencies to dissolve dangerous clots.
3. Compression Stockings – Help reduce swelling and prevent DVT.
4. Surgery – In rare cases, doctors may remove a large clot.
Your doctor will guide you on the best treatment based on your condition.
Preventing Thrombosis: Lifestyle Tips
You can lower your risk of thrombosis with these healthy habits:
- Stay Active – Walk regularly, stretch if sitting for long hours.
- Stay Hydrated – Drink plenty of water to keep blood flowing smoothly.
- Maintain a Healthy Weight – Obesity increases clotting risks.
- Quit Smoking – Smoking damages blood vessels.
- Wear Compression Stockings – If you’re at high risk (e.g., after surgery).
- Follow Doctor’s Advice – If you’re on blood thinners, take them as prescribed.
When to See a Doctor?
If you have:
- Unexplained leg pain or swelling
- Sudden chest pain or breathing trouble
- Signs of stroke (facial drooping, arm weakness, speech difficulty)
Don’t wait; seek emergency care!
Need Help? Book a Consultation Today
If you’re concerned about thrombosis or want to assess your risk, Apollo24|7 offers expert consultations and diagnostic tests. Early detection can save lives, schedule an appointment today!
Final Thoughts
Thrombosis can be serious, but with awareness and preventive care, you can reduce your risk. Stay active, listen to your body, and don’t ignore warning signs. Your health matters, take the right steps today!
Would you like to speak to a specialist? Book a consultation now and get personalized advice.
Consult an Specialist for the best advice
Consult an Specialist for the best advice
Dr. Naresh
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5 Years • MBBS
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2 Years • MBBS
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6 Years • MBBS, DNB Emergency Medicine
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AIIMS, Delhi
Dr. Robin Jeya Bensam
General Practitioner
25 Years • MBBS, AFIH, FCIP, FRSH
Chennai
Robin Hospitals, Chennai
Dr Syed Mateen Pasha
General Physician
2 Years • MBBS
Bengaluru
PRESTIGE SHANTHINIKETAN - SOCIETY CLINIC, Bengaluru
Consult an Specialist for the best advice
Dr. Naresh
General Practitioner
5 Years • MBBS
Chittoor
Dr. Naresh Clinic, Chittoor
Dr Syed Mizra M
General Physician/ Internal Medicine Specialist
2 Years • MBBS
Bengaluru
PRESTIGE SHANTHINIKETAN - SOCIETY CLINIC, Bengaluru
Dr. Aakash Shah
General Practitioner
6 Years • MBBS, DNB Emergency Medicine
Delhi
AIIMS, Delhi
Dr. Robin Jeya Bensam
General Practitioner
25 Years • MBBS, AFIH, FCIP, FRSH
Chennai
Robin Hospitals, Chennai
Dr Syed Mateen Pasha
General Physician
2 Years • MBBS
Bengaluru
PRESTIGE SHANTHINIKETAN - SOCIETY CLINIC, Bengaluru
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