Understanding Period Cups and Their Options
Know about the period cups, what they are, why choose them, types of cups, how to use, common concerns and tips for first-time users.
Written by Dr. Siri Nallapu
Reviewed by Dr. Rohinipriyanka Pondugula MBBS
Last updated on 30th Jul, 2025
Periods are a natural part of life, but managing them can sometimes feel overwhelming. While pads and tampons have been the go-to options for decades, menstrual cups are gaining popularity as a sustainable, cost-effective, and comfortable alternative. If you're curious about period cups but aren’t sure where to start, this guide will help you understand what they are, how they work, and how to choose the right one for you.
What Is a Period Cup?
A menstrual cup is a small, flexible, bell-shaped cup made of medical-grade silicone, rubber, or latex. Unlike pads or tampons, which absorb menstrual blood, a cup collects it. It is inserted into the vagina and can be worn for up to 12 hours, depending on your flow. Once full, you simply remove it, empty it, rinse it, and reinsert it.
Why Choose a Menstrual Cup?
Eco-Friendly: Unlike disposable pads and tampons, a menstrual cup is reusable and can last for years, reducing waste.
Cost-Effective: While the initial cost may be higher, a single cup can replace hundreds of disposable products over time.
Longer Wear Time: You can wear a cup for up to 12 hours, making it convenient for work, travel, or overnight use.
Reduced Odour & Irritation: Since the blood is collected rather than absorbed, there’s less risk of bacterial growth and odour.
Safe for Swimming & Exercise: Unlike tampons, which can dry out the vagina, cups don’t interfere with natural moisture, making them great for physical activities.
Types of Menstrual Cups
Not all cups are the same. Here are the key differences to consider when choosing one:
1. Material
Silicone (most common): Soft, flexible, and hypoallergenic.
TPE (Thermoplastic Elastomer): Similar to silicone but slightly firmer.
Latex (less common): May cause allergies in some users.
2. Size & Firmness
Smaller cups: Best for lighter flows or those with a low cervix.
Larger cups: Suitable for heavier flows or those who have given birth vaginally.
Firmness: Firmer cups pop open easily but may feel less comfortable for some. Softer cups are gentler but may require more adjustment.
Consult a Top gynaecologist for the best advice
3. Shape & Design
Bell-shaped: Common design, good for most users.
V-shaped: Tapered for easier insertion.
Flat-fold or collapsible: Travel-friendly options.
4. With or Without a Stem
Stemmed cups: Easier to remove, especially for beginners.
Stemless cups: More comfortable but may require practice to remove.
How to Use a Menstrual Cup
Using a cup may seem tricky at first, but with practice, it becomes second nature. Here’s a simple step-by-step guide:
Insertion:
Wash your hands thoroughly.
Fold the cup (common folds: C-fold, punch-down fold, or 7-fold).
Relax and insert: Hold the folded cup and gently guide it into your vagina. It should sit below the cervix.
Let it open: Once inside, the cup will unfold to create a seal.
Removal:
Wash your hands.
Pinch the base to break the seal.
Gently pull it out (avoid tugging by the stem).
Empty, rinse, and reinsert.
Cleaning & Maintenance:
Between uses: Wash with mild, unscented soap and water.
Between cycles: Boil the cup for 5-10 minutes or use a sterilising solution.
Storage: Keep it in a breathable pouch.
Common Concerns & Solutions
1. Is It Safe?
Yes! Menstrual cups are made from body-safe materials and are FDA-approved. Just ensure you clean them properly.
2. Can It Get Lost Inside?
No, your vagina isn’t endless! The cup sits in the vaginal canal and cannot travel beyond it.
3. What If It Leaks?
Leaks usually happen if the cup isn’t fully open or if it’s the wrong size. Adjusting the position or trying a different cup can help.
4. Can I Use It Overnight?
Absolutely! Many women find cups more comfortable for overnight use than pads or tampons.
Tips for First-Time Users
These are some tips for a first time user:
Try different folds to see which works best for you.
Use a water-based lubricant if insertion feels difficult.
Give yourself time: It may take a few cycles to get comfortable.
Start on a lighter day to practice without pressure.
When to Consult a Doctor
While menstrual cups are generally safe, consult a gynaecologist if you experience:
Severe discomfort or pain.
Persistent leaks despite correct usage.
Signs of infection (unusual odour, itching, or irritation).
Conclusion
Menstrual cups are a fantastic option for those looking for a sustainable, cost-effective, and comfortable period solution. With a little patience and practice, they can make your menstrual cycle much easier to manage.
Consult a Top gynaecologist for the best advice
Consult a Top gynaecologist for the best advice
Dr. Sanjan Das
Obstetrician and Gynaecologist
15 Years • MBBS,MS
Bengaluru
Apollo Clinic, Sarjapur Road, Bengaluru
Dr. Parul Sharma
Obstetrician and Gynaecologist
8 Years • MBBS, MS (Obstetrics & Gynaecology)
New Delhi
THE DOCTORS NESST, New Delhi
Dr. Sreeparna Roy
Obstetrician and Gynaecologist
8 Years • MBBS , MS (OBSTETRICS & GYNAECOLOGY), Fellowship in Infertility, Endoscopy & Ultrasonography), Fellowship in Laparoscopy & Hysteroscopy,DRM
Barasat
Diab-Eat-Ease, Barasat
Dr. Sreeparna Roy
Obstetrician and Gynaecologist
8 Years • MBBS , MS (OBSTETRICS & GYNAECOLOGY), Fellowship in Infertility, Endoscopy & Ultrasonography), Fellowship in Laparoscopy & Hysteroscopy,DRM
Kolkata
Dr Utsa Basu Clinic, Kolkata
Dr. Divyashree S
Obstetrician and Gynaecologist
7 Years • MBBS, MS (OBG)
Bengaluru
Apollo Clinic, JP nagar, Bengaluru
