Kienbock's Disease Overview and Management
Get a comprehensive overview of Kienbock's Disease, a rare wrist condition. Learn about its causes, symptoms, diagnosis, and the various medical and surgical management options.
Written by Dr. J T Hema Pratima
Reviewed by Dr. D Bhanu Prakash MBBS, AFIH, Advanced certificate in critical care medicine, Fellowship in critical care medicine
Last updated on 22nd Aug, 2025
Kienbock’s disease is a rare but serious condition that affects the wrist, specifically the lunate bone—one of the small bones in the wrist joint. Over time, this bone begins to deteriorate due to a lack of blood supply, leading to pain, stiffness, and reduced wrist function. While it can be concerning, early diagnosis and proper management can help slow its progression and improve quality of life.
What is Kienbock’s Disease?
Kienbock’s disease occurs when the lunate bone in the wrist loses its blood supply, causing it to weaken and eventually collapse. This condition is also known as avascular necrosis of the lunate. Without proper treatment, the bone may break down, leading to arthritis and longterm wrist problems.
Who is at Risk?
While the exact cause is unknown, certain factors may increase the risk:
Age & Gender: More common in adults aged 2040, particularly men.
Trauma: A wrist injury may damage blood vessels supplying the lunate.
Anatomy: Some people have irregular wrist bone shapes, increasing stress on the lunate.
Medical Conditions: Diseases affecting blood flow (like sickle cell anemia) may contribute.
Symptoms of Kienbock’s Disease
The symptoms develop gradually and worsen over time. Common signs include:
Wrist pain, especially near the center of the wrist.
Stiffness and swelling, making it hard to move the wrist freely.
Weak grip strength, affecting daily tasks like opening jars or lifting objects.
Clicking or grinding sensation when moving the wrist.
If you experience persistent wrist pain, it’s important to consult a doctor for an evaluation.
How is Kienbock’s Disease Diagnosed?
Doctors use several tests to confirm Kienbock’s disease:
1. X-rays – Can show changes in the lunate bone.
2. MRI – Provides detailed images of bone and blood flow issues.
3. CT Scan – Helps assess bone structure and damage.
Early diagnosis is crucial to prevent further bone damage.
Consult a Top General Physician For Best Advice
Treatment Options
Treatment depends on the stage of the disease and severity of symptoms. Options include:
Non-Surgical Treatments (Early Stages)
Rest & Immobilization – A splint or cast may reduce stress on the wrist.
Pain Management – Antiinflammatory medications (like ibuprofen) can help.
Physical Therapy – Exercises to maintain wrist mobility and strength.
Surgical Treatments (Advanced Stages)
If the disease progresses, surgery may be needed to:
Revascularize the Bone – Restoring blood flow to the lunate.
Level Uneven Bones – Reducing pressure on the lunate.
Fuse or Remove Damaged Bones – Preventing further collapse.
Your doctor will recommend the best approach based on your condition.
Lifestyle Tips for Managing Kienbock’s Disease
While medical treatment is essential, these lifestyle adjustments can help:
Avoid Repetitive Stress – Limit activities that strain the wrist (like heavy lifting).
Use Ergonomic Tools – Supportive braces or adaptive devices can reduce strain.
Gentle Exercises – Stretching and strengthening exercises (as advised by a therapist) can maintain flexibility.
Healthy Diet – Foods rich in calcium and vitamin D support bone health.
When to See a Doctor?
If you have persistent wrist pain, stiffness, or weakness, don’t ignore it. Early intervention can prevent complications.
Need expert advice?
You can consult an orthopedic specialist at Apollo 24|7 for a detailed evaluation. Book an appointment or schedule a test easily through the Apollo 24|7 app or website.
Final Thoughts
Kienbock’s disease can be challenging, but with proper care, many people manage their symptoms effectively. If you suspect any wrist issues, seek medical advice early for the best outcomes.
Stay informed, stay healthy!
Consult a Top General Physician For Best Advice
Consult a Top General Physician For Best Advice
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