Luteinizing Hormone: Functions and Testing
Learn about luteinizing hormone (LH), its key functions in reproduction, and the role of LH testing in diagnosing fertility and hormonal health conditions.
Written by Dr. Rohinipriyanka Pondugula
Reviewed by Dr. D Bhanu Prakash MBBS, AFIH, Advanced certificate in critical care medicine, Fellowship in critical care medicine
Last updated on 2nd Sep, 2025
The human body is a complex system where hormones play a crucial role in regulating various functions. One such important hormone is Luteinizing Hormone (LH). If you’ve ever wondered about fertility, menstrual cycles, or hormonal imbalances, LH is a key player. This article will explain what LH is, its functions, why testing is important, and how you can manage any related concerns.
What is Luteinizing Hormone (LH)?
Luteinizing Hormone (LH) is a hormone produced by the pituitary gland, a small gland located at the base of the brain. It works closely with another hormone called Follicle-Stimulating Hormone (FSH) to regulate reproductive functions in both men and women.
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Functions of LH in the Body
Below are the functions of LH in the body,
In Women:
- Ovulation: LH triggers the release of an egg from the ovary (ovulation), which is essential for conception.
- Menstrual Cycle Regulation: LH levels rise mid-cycle (around day 14 in a 28-day cycle), signaling ovulation.
- Progesterone Production: After ovulation, LH helps form the corpus luteum, which produces progesterone to support pregnancy.
In Men:
Testosterone Production: LH stimulates the testes to produce testosterone, which is vital for sperm production, muscle growth, and libido.
Why is LH Testing Important?
Testing LH levels helps diagnose various health conditions, including:
1. Fertility Issues
- Women: Irregular or absent ovulation can be detected through LH testing.
- Men: Low LH may indicate problems with testosterone or sperm production.
2. Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS)
High LH levels (relative to FSH) can be a sign of PCOS, a common hormonal disorder affecting women.
3. Menopause
LH levels rise significantly during menopause due to declining estrogen.
4. Pituitary Disorders
Since LH is produced by the pituitary gland, abnormal levels may indicate pituitary tumors or dysfunction.
When Should You Get an LH Test?
You may need an LH test if you experience:
- Women: Irregular periods, difficulty conceiving, or symptoms of PCOS (acne, excess hair growth).
- Men: Low sex drive, erectile dysfunction, or infertility.
- Children: Delayed or early puberty.
How is LH Testing Done?
LH levels can be checked through:
- Blood Test: The most common method, usually done on specific days of the menstrual cycle.
- Urine Test (Ovulation Predictor Kits): Used at home to detect the LH surge before ovulation.
Preparing for the Test
- Women may need testing on specific cycle days (Day 3 or mid-cycle).
- No fasting is required unless advised by your doctor.
What Do Abnormal LH Levels Mean?
Below are the interpretations of abnormal LH levels,
High LH Levels May Indicate:
- Women: PCOS, menopause, or ovarian failure.
- Men: Testicular failure or Klinefelter syndrome.
Low LH Levels May Indicate:
- Pituitary or Hypothalamus Disorders (affecting hormone production).
- Eating Disorders or Extreme Stress (which can disrupt hormone balance).
Tips for Managing LH-Related Conditions
Below are a few tips for managing LH related conditions,
For Women with Fertility Concerns:
- Track Ovulation: Use ovulation predictor kits to identify fertile days.
- Maintain a Healthy Weight: Excess weight can disrupt hormone balance.
- Balanced Diet: Include whole grains, lean proteins, and healthy fats.
For Men with Low Testosterone:
- Exercise Regularly: Strength training can boost testosterone.
- Reduce Stress: High cortisol (stress hormone) can lower LH.
- Get Enough Sleep: Poor sleep affects hormone production.
General Tips for Hormonal Balance:
- Avoid Smoking & Excessive Alcohol: These can disrupt hormone function.
- Manage Stress: Yoga, meditation, and deep breathing can help.
When to See a Doctor?
If you experience:
- Irregular periods or no periods.
- Difficulty conceiving after a year of trying.
- Symptoms of low testosterone (fatigue, low libido).
- A doctor may recommend further tests like FSH, estrogen, or testosterone levels for a complete diagnosis.
How Apollo 24|7 Can Help
If you suspect a hormonal imbalance or need an LH test, Apollo 24|7 offers:
- Easy Lab Testing: Book an LH blood test from home.
- Expert Consultations: Speak to endocrinologists or fertility specialists online.
- Personalized Care: Get tailored advice based on your test results.
Final Thoughts
Luteinizing Hormone plays a vital role in reproductive health for both men and women. Understanding its functions and getting tested when needed can help diagnose and manage conditions like infertility, PCOS, or hormonal imbalances. By making simple lifestyle changes and seeking medical advice when necessary, you can maintain better hormonal health. If you have concerns about your LH levels, don’t hesitate to reach out to a healthcare provider. Early detection and proper care can make a big difference in your overall well-being.
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Consult a Top Gynecologist
Dr. Mona Yadav
Obstetrician and Gynaecologist
19 Years • MBBS, MD (Obstetrics & Gynaecology)
Dombivli
Nulife multispeciality, Dombivli
Dr. Parul Sharma
Obstetrician and Gynaecologist
8 Years • MBBS, MS (Obstetrics & Gynaecology)
New Delhi
THE DOCTORS NESST, New Delhi
Dr. Asha Rani Singh
Obstetrician and Gynaecologist
24 Years • MBBS DGO
Delhi
Dr Asha Rani Singh Clinic, Delhi
Dr. K Anusha
Obstetrician and Gynaecologist
4 Years • MBBS, DGO
Yemmiganur
SRINIVASAA HOSPITAL, Yemmiganur
Dr. Sridevi Matta
Obstetrician and Gynaecologist
28 Years • MS ( OBG ), DGO, DNB Obstetrics & Gynaecology
Chinagadila
Apollo Hospitals Health City Unit, Chinagadila
(175+ Patients)
Consult a Top Gynecologist
Dr. Mona Yadav
Obstetrician and Gynaecologist
19 Years • MBBS, MD (Obstetrics & Gynaecology)
Dombivli
Nulife multispeciality, Dombivli
Dr. Parul Sharma
Obstetrician and Gynaecologist
8 Years • MBBS, MS (Obstetrics & Gynaecology)
New Delhi
THE DOCTORS NESST, New Delhi
Dr. Asha Rani Singh
Obstetrician and Gynaecologist
24 Years • MBBS DGO
Delhi
Dr Asha Rani Singh Clinic, Delhi
Dr. K Anusha
Obstetrician and Gynaecologist
4 Years • MBBS, DGO
Yemmiganur
SRINIVASAA HOSPITAL, Yemmiganur
Dr. Sridevi Matta
Obstetrician and Gynaecologist
28 Years • MS ( OBG ), DGO, DNB Obstetrics & Gynaecology
Chinagadila
Apollo Hospitals Health City Unit, Chinagadila
(175+ Patients)