Understanding Congenital Kleptomania: Causes and Effects
Learn about congenital kleptomania—a rare impulse control disorder present from early childhood. Discover its causes, effects, and treatment options to support recovery and mental well-being.
Written by Dr. D Bhanu Prakash
Reviewed by Dr. Dhankecha Mayank Dineshbhai MBBS
Last updated on 13th Jan, 2026
Introduction
Have you ever heard of kleptomania? It’s a mental health condition where a person feels an uncontrollable urge to steal things, even when they don’t need them. But what if someone is born with this tendency? That’s called congenital kleptomania—a rare condition where the impulse to steal is present from a very young age.
If you or someone you know struggles with this, it’s important to understand that it’s not about greed or criminal intent. It’s a real psychological issue that needs compassion and proper care. In this article, we’ll explore what congenital kleptomania is, its causes, effects, and how to manage it.
What Is Congenital Kleptomania?
Kleptomania is classified as an impulse control disorder, meaning people with this condition find it extremely hard to resist the urge to steal. When it’s congenital, it means the tendency is present from birth or early childhood, rather than developing later in life.
People with congenital kleptomania:
- Feel a strong, sudden urge to steal items they don’t need.
- Experience tension before stealing and relief afterward.
- Often feel guilt or shame but can’t stop the behaviour.
- May not even remember stealing in some cases.
Unlike common theft, kleptomania isn’t about financial gain it’s an uncontrollable impulse.
What Causes Congenital Kleptomania?
The exact cause isn’t fully understood, but research suggests a mix of genetic, neurological, and environmental factors:
1. Brain Chemistry & Structure: Studies show that people with kleptomania may have differences in brain areas controlling impulses, particularly involving serotonin and dopamine (chemicals that regulate mood and behaviour).
2. Genetics: If a close family member has impulse control disorders (like gambling addiction or OCD), the risk may be higher.
3. Childhood Trauma or Stress: Early emotional distress or neglect could contribute to developing kleptomania.
4. Other Mental Health Conditions: It often coexists with depression, anxiety, eating disorders, or substance abuse, suggesting a link in brain function.
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How Does Congenital Kleptomania Affect People?
Living with kleptomania can be distressing for both the person and their loved ones. Some common effects include:
- Legal Troubles: Repeated stealing can lead to arrests, fines, or even jail time.
- Emotional Distress: Feelings of guilt, shame, and low self-esteem are common.
- Relationship Struggles: Trust issues may arise with family and friends.
- Financial Problems: Even though stolen items aren’t needed, legal fees can be costly.
Many people hide their condition due to embarrassment, making it harder to seek help.
How Can Congenital Kleptomania Be Managed?
The good news is that with the right support, kleptomania can be managed effectively. Here are some approaches:
1. Therapy & Counselling
- Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT): Helps identify triggers and develop healthier coping mechanisms.
- Exposure & Response Prevention (ERP): Gradually reduces the urge to steal by controlled exposure to temptations.
2. Medication
- Antidepressants (SSRIs): Can help regulate serotonin levels and reduce impulsive urges.
- Mood Stabilizers: Sometimes prescribed if other mental health conditions are present.
3. Lifestyle Changes
- Stress Management: Yoga, meditation, and deep breathing can help control impulses.
- Support Groups: Talking to others with similar struggles reduces isolation.
- Avoiding Triggers: Staying away from stores or situations that tempt stealing can help.
4. Family & Social Support
- Loved ones should offer understanding rather than judgment.
- Open communication helps in seeking professional help early.
When to Seek Professional Help?
If you or someone you know:
- Struggles with uncontrollable stealing
- Feels guilty but can’t stop
- Faces legal or emotional consequences
It’s time to consult a mental health professional. Early intervention can prevent long-term problems.
Need Help? Apollo 24|7 is Here for You
If you suspect congenital kleptomania, don’t hesitate to seek expert advice. You can:
- Book a consultation with a psychiatrist or psychologist.
- Schedule therapy sessions for personalized treatment.
- Access mental health resources for support.
Conclusion
Congenital kleptomania is a challenging condition, but it’s not a life sentence. With the right treatment and support, people can learn to manage their impulses and lead fulfilling lives. If you or a loved one is affected, remember, help is available, and recovery is possible.
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Consult Top Specialists
Dr. Anannya Roy
Psychiatrist
6 Years • MBBS, MD (Psychiatry)
Kolkata
VDC Clinic, Kolkata
Dr. Richa Kumari
Psychiatrist
10 Years • MBBS, DPM (Psychiatrist)
Bangalore
Apollo Clinic Bellandur, Bangalore
(175+ Patients)
Ms. Sridevi
Counselling Psychologist
5 Years • BSC,MSC Clinical Psychology
Bengaluru
Apollo Medical Center, Marathahalli, Bengaluru
Ms Rajashree Navthale
Psychotherapy & Counselling (ASM)
8 Years • MA in Counselling & Psychotherapy, PG Diploma in Counselling & Psychotherapy.
Akola
Connect Counselor, Akola
Mr. Aman Kochhar
Psychologist
2 Years • MA - Psychology, Post Graduate Diploma In Guidance and Counselling
New Delhi
Well-mind Counselling, New Delhi
Consult Top Specialists
Dr. Anannya Roy
Psychiatrist
6 Years • MBBS, MD (Psychiatry)
Kolkata
VDC Clinic, Kolkata
Dr. Richa Kumari
Psychiatrist
10 Years • MBBS, DPM (Psychiatrist)
Bangalore
Apollo Clinic Bellandur, Bangalore
(175+ Patients)
Ms. Sridevi
Counselling Psychologist
5 Years • BSC,MSC Clinical Psychology
Bengaluru
Apollo Medical Center, Marathahalli, Bengaluru
Ms Rajashree Navthale
Psychotherapy & Counselling (ASM)
8 Years • MA in Counselling & Psychotherapy, PG Diploma in Counselling & Psychotherapy.
Akola
Connect Counselor, Akola
Mr. Aman Kochhar
Psychologist
2 Years • MA - Psychology, Post Graduate Diploma In Guidance and Counselling
New Delhi
Well-mind Counselling, New Delhi
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