Pregnancy Chances with Hypothyroidism Explained
Know how hypothyroidism is not a hurdle for pregnancy. Learn the symptoms and how to improve the chances of pregnancy during hypothyroidism.
Written by Dr. M L Ezhilarasan
Reviewed by Dr. J T Hema Pratima MBBS, Fellowship in Diabetes Mellitus
Last updated on 13th Jan, 2026
Introduction
If you have hypothyroidism (an underactive thyroid) and are planning to conceive, you may have concerns about how it affects your fertility and pregnancy. However, the concern is not worrisome as with proper management, many women with hypothyroidism can have healthy pregnancies.
This article explains how hypothyroidism impacts pregnancy chances, what steps you can take, and when to seek medical advice.
Understanding Hypothyroidism and Fertility
Hypothyroidism occurs when your thyroid gland doesn’t produce enough thyroid hormones (T3 and T4). These hormones play a crucial role in regulating metabolism, menstrual cycles, and ovulation. When levels are low, it can lead to:
Irregular or absent periods
Making it harder to predict ovulation.
Anovulation (lack of ovulation)
Without ovulation, pregnancy cannot occur.
Higher risk of miscarriage
Untreated hypothyroidism increases the risk of early pregnancy loss.
How Hypothyroidism Affects Pregnancy?
Even if you conceive, uncontrolled hypothyroidism can impact both mother and baby:
For the mother
Increased risk of anaemia, preeclampsia (high blood pressure), and postpartum bleeding.
For the baby
Higher chances of preterm birth, low birth weight, and developmental delays.
Consult top endocrinologist for Personalised Health Advice
Improving Pregnancy Chances with Hypothyroidism
The key to a healthy pregnancy with hypothyroidism is keeping thyroid hormone levels balanced. Here’s what you can do:
1. Get Tested Before Conceiving
If you have hypothyroidism or symptoms (fatigue, weight gain, hair loss), get a Thyroid Function Test (TFT). This includes:
TSH (Thyroid Stimulating Hormone) – Ideally, TSH should be between 1-2.5 mIU/L before pregnancy.
Free T4 – To check active thyroid hormone levels.
If you’re planning a pregnancy, it's best to consult your doctor to adjust medication if needed.
2. Take Thyroid Medication as Prescribed
Standard medications are usually suggested; these include:
Levothyroxine by Synthroid, Eltroxin, is the standard treatment.
Take it on an empty stomach, approximately 30-60 minutes before breakfast, for best absorption.
Avoid calcium or iron supplements within 4 hours of taking thyroid medications.
3. Monitor Thyroid Levels Regularly
Pregnancy increases thyroid hormone demand, so:
Get TSH checked every 4-6 weeks in the first trimester.
Dosage may need adjustment as pregnancy progresses.
4. Maintain a Thyroid-Friendly Diet
While diet alone can’t cure hypothyroidism, these foods help:
Iodine-rich foods – Seafood, dairy, iodised salt are needed for thyroid hormone production.
Selenium-rich foods – Brazil nuts, eggs, and sunflower seeds support thyroid function.
Iron & Vitamin B12 – Lean meats, spinach, and lentils help prevent anaemia.
Avoid
Excessive soy, raw cruciferous vegetables (cabbage, cauliflower) in large amounts, as they may interfere with thyroid function.
5. Exercise & Stress Management
Gentle exercises like yoga, walking, or swimming help regulate metabolism.
Stress can worsen thyroid imbalance, so practice meditation or deep breathing.
When to See a Doctor?
Consult a doctor if:
You’re trying to conceive and have hypothyroidism.
Your periods are irregular or absent.
You experience extreme fatigue, weight gain, or hair loss.
Final Thoughts
Hypothyroidism doesn’t mean you can’t get pregnant—it just means you need extra care. With proper medication, regular monitoring, and a healthy lifestyle, many women with hypothyroidism have successful pregnancies. If you’re planning for a baby, start by checking your thyroid levels and working with your doctor to optimize them.
Consult top endocrinologist for Personalised Health Advice
Consult top endocrinologist for Personalised Health Advice
Dr. Awesh Shingare
Endocrinologist
10 Years • DNB ENDOCRINOLOGY, MD MEDICINE, MBBS
Mumbai
Apollo Hospitals CBD Belapur, Mumbai
(25+ Patients)
Dr Sakshi Gagneja
Endocrinologist
7 Years • DNB (Medicine – Gold Medal), DrNB (Endocrinology)
Lucknow
Apollomedics Super Speciality Hospital, Lucknow
(25+ Patients)
Dr. Krishna G Seshadri
Endocrinologist
22 Years • MBBS, AB certified
Chennai
Apollo Hospitals Greams Road, Chennai
(75+ Patients)
Dr. Narayanan N K
Endocrinologist
16 Years • MRCP (Internal Medicine), SCE (Diabetology & Endocrinology), MRCP (Diabetology & Endocrinology), CCT, Former Research Associate, Cambridge University, Adjunct Professor, MGR Medical University, Tamil Nadu
Chennai
Apollo Hospitals Greams Road, Chennai
(1025+ Patients)
Dr. Shiva Madan
Endocrinologist
10 Years • MBBS , MD (General medicine) , DM (Endocrinology)
Bikaner
Sushma diabetes and Endocrine center, Bikaner
Consult top endocrinologist for Personalised Health Advice
Dr. Awesh Shingare
Endocrinologist
10 Years • DNB ENDOCRINOLOGY, MD MEDICINE, MBBS
Mumbai
Apollo Hospitals CBD Belapur, Mumbai
(25+ Patients)
Dr Sakshi Gagneja
Endocrinologist
7 Years • DNB (Medicine – Gold Medal), DrNB (Endocrinology)
Lucknow
Apollomedics Super Speciality Hospital, Lucknow
(25+ Patients)
Dr. Krishna G Seshadri
Endocrinologist
22 Years • MBBS, AB certified
Chennai
Apollo Hospitals Greams Road, Chennai
(75+ Patients)
Dr. Narayanan N K
Endocrinologist
16 Years • MRCP (Internal Medicine), SCE (Diabetology & Endocrinology), MRCP (Diabetology & Endocrinology), CCT, Former Research Associate, Cambridge University, Adjunct Professor, MGR Medical University, Tamil Nadu
Chennai
Apollo Hospitals Greams Road, Chennai
(1025+ Patients)
Dr. Shiva Madan
Endocrinologist
10 Years • MBBS , MD (General medicine) , DM (Endocrinology)
Bikaner
Sushma diabetes and Endocrine center, Bikaner
