Reasons for Eye Pain and Discomfort
Explore common reasons for eye pain and discomfort, from dry eyes and infections to vision strain and underlying health issues. Learn when to seek medical attention.
Written by Dr. Vasanthasree Nair
Reviewed by Dr. Rohinipriyanka Pondugula MBBS
Last updated on 25th Aug, 2025
Introduction
Eye pain and discomfort can be unsettling, affecting your daily activities and overall well-being. Whether it’s a mild irritation or severe pain, understanding the possible causes and remedies can help you take the right steps toward relief.
Common Causes of Eye Pain and Discomfort
Eye pain can stem from various factors, ranging from minor issues to serious conditions. Here are some common reasons:
1. Eye Strain
Eye strain occurs when your eyes get tired from intensive use,
Causes: Prolonged screen time (digital eye strain), reading in poor light, or focusing for too long.
Symptoms: Tired, sore, or burning eyes, headaches, blurred vision.
Relief: Follow the 20-20-20 rule, every 20 minutes, look at something 20 feet away for 20 seconds. Adjust screen brightness and take regular breaks.
2. Dry Eyes
Dry eyes occur when your eyes either don’t produce enough tears or the tears evaporate too quickly,
Causes: Reduced tear production, windy/dry environments, aging, or prolonged screen use.
Symptoms: Gritty feeling, redness, itching, or excessive tearing (a reflex response to dryness).
Relief: Use artificial tears, stay hydrated, and use a humidifier.
3. Allergies (Allergic Conjunctivitis)
Allergic conjunctivitis is an eye inflammation caused by an allergic reaction,
Causes: Pollen, dust, pet dander, or smoke.
Symptoms: Itchy, red, watery eyes, swelling.
Relief: Avoid allergens, use antihistamine eye drops, and keep windows closed during high pollen seasons.
4. Infections (Conjunctivitis, Stye, or Blepharitis)
Eye infections occur when harmful microorganisms such as bacteria, viruses, or fungi invade any part of the eye or surrounding tissue,
Conjunctivitis (Pink Eye): Viral or bacterial infection causing redness, discharge, and discomfort.
Stye: A painful red bump near the eyelid due to a blocked oil gland.
Blepharitis: Inflammation of the eyelids, leading to crusty, itchy eyes.
Relief: Warm compresses, antibiotic drops (if bacterial), and maintaining eyelid hygiene.
5. Foreign Objects or Injury
Foreign objects or trauma to the eye can range from mild irritations like dust particles to serious injuries like chemical exposure or blunt trauma.
Causes: Dust, debris, or accidental scratches.
Symptoms: Sharp pain, tearing, redness, or sensitivity to light.
Relief: Rinse with clean water (avoid rubbing). If pain persists, seek medical help.
6. Migraine or Sinus Pressure
A migraine is a neurological condition characterized by recurring, moderate to severe headaches,
Causes: Headaches or sinus congestion can cause pressure behind the eyes.
Symptoms: Throbbing pain, sensitivity to light, or blurred vision.
Relief: Rest in a dark room, use pain relievers (if needed), and manage sinus issues with steam inhalation.
7. Glaucoma (Severe Condition)
Glaucoma is a group of eye diseases that damage the optic nerve, often due to increased pressure inside the eye,
Causes: Increased eye pressure damaging the optic nerve.
Symptoms: Sudden severe pain, nausea, blurred vision, or seeing halos around lights.
Action: Seek emergency care—untreated glaucoma can lead to vision loss.
8. Corneal Abrasion or Ulcer
A corneal abrasion is a scratch or injury to the surface layer (epithelium) of the cornea,
Causes: Scratches or infections on the cornea.
Symptoms: Intense pain, redness, light sensitivity, and blurred vision.
Action: Immediate medical attention is needed to prevent complications.
Consult Top Specialists for Personalised Tips
When to See a Doctor?
While mild eye discomfort often resolves on its own, consult an eye specialist if you experience:
Severe or persistent pain
Sudden vision changes
Light sensitivity or flashes
Eye discharge or swelling
Pain after an injury
Tips for Preventing Eye Discomfort
Below are few helpful tips to prevent eye discomfort,
1. Protect Your Eyes – Wear sunglasses outdoors and safety goggles when working with tools.
2. Stay Hydrated – Drink enough water to prevent dry eyes.
3. Follow Screen Hygiene – Adjust screen brightness, use blue light filters, and blink often.
4. Maintain Good Hygiene – Avoid touching your eyes with dirty hands.
5. Eat Eye-Friendly Foods – Include carrots, leafy greens, and omega-3-rich foods (like fish) in your diet.
Need Expert Advice?
If eye pain persists or worsens, don’t ignore it. Book an eye consultation with Apollo24|7 for expert diagnosis and treatment. Early care can prevent complications and ensure healthy vision.
Conclusion
Eye pain and discomfort can stem from a variety of causes, ranging from minor irritants like dryness or eye strain to more serious issues such as infections, injuries, or underlying health conditions. Understanding the specific cause is essential for effective treatment.
Consult Top Ophthalmologists
Consult Top Specialists for Personalised Tips
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Consult Top Ophthalmologists
Dr. Sujit Pahari
Ophthalmologist
22 Years • MBBS, DNB, DOMS Ophthalmologist/ Eye Surgeon. FIC (Ophthal).
Bilaspur
Apollo Hospitals Seepat Road, Bilaspur
Dr Rajesh Rastogi
Ophthalmologist
33 Years • MBBS, MS Ophthalmology
New Delhi
Rotary Diabetic Centre, New Delhi
Dr. Padmini S
Ophthalmologist
4 Years • MBBS,MS
Bengaluru
Apollo Medical Center, Marathahalli, Bengaluru
Dr. S Venkateswaran
Ophthalmologist
35 Years • MBBS, PGD (OPTHALMOLOGY)
Tiruvannamalai
Shiva Eye And General Hospital, Tiruvannamalai
Dr. V.chittibabu
Ophthalmologist
30 Years • MBBS, MS
Vellore
Krupa Eye Clinic, Vellore
