Swollen Lymph Nodes Symptoms, Causes, and Treatment
know about the swollen lymph nodes, common symptoms, causes, diagnosis, treatment options, prevention and healthy habits.
Written by Dr. J T Hema Pratima
Reviewed by Dr. Shaik Abdul Kalam MD (Physician)
Last updated on 29th Aug, 2025
Introduction
Swollen lymph nodes can be a cause for concern, but they are often a sign that your body is fighting an infection. Understanding what they are, why they swell, and when to seek medical help can ease your worries and guide you toward the right care.
What Are Lymph Nodes?
Lymph nodes are small, bean-shaped glands that are part of your immune system. They act as filters, trapping viruses, bacteria, and other harmful substances before they can spread further in your body. You have hundreds of lymph nodes throughout your body, but they are most noticeable in the:
• Neck
• Armpits
• Groin
When lymph nodes swell, it usually means they are working hard to fight off an infection or illness.
Consult a General Practitioner for Personalised Advice
Common Symptoms of Swollen Lymph Nodes
Swollen lymph nodes can feel tender or painful, and you may notice:
• A small lump under the skin (the size of a pea or larger)
• Warmth or redness over the swollen area
• Soreness when touched
• Swelling in multiple areas (e.g., neck and armpits)
Sometimes, other symptoms may accompany swollen lymph nodes, such as:
• Fever
• Fatigue
• Night sweats
• Unexplained weight loss
• Persistent cough or sore throat
If you experience these additional symptoms, it’s best to consult a doctor.
What Causes Swollen Lymph Nodes?
Swollen lymph nodes are usually a response to an infection or illness. Common causes include:
1. Infections
• Viral infections – Common cold, flu, measles, or mononucleosis (mono).
• Bacterial infections – Strep throat, ear infections, or skin infections.
• Other infections – Tuberculosis (TB) or sexually transmitted infections (STIs).
2. Immune System Disorders
• Autoimmune diseases – Lupus or rheumatoid arthritis can cause lymph nodes to swell.
3. Cancer (Less Common but Serious)
• Lymphoma – Cancer of the lymphatic system.
• Leukaemia – Blood cancer affecting lymph nodes.
• Metastatic cancer – When cancer spreads from another part of the body to lymph nodes.
4. Other Causes
• Allergic reactions
• Side effects of certain medications (e.g., antiseizure drugs)
When Should You See a Doctor?
Most swollen lymph nodes go away on their own as your body fights off the infection. However, you should seek medical attention if:
• The swelling lasts more than 2 weeks.
• The lymph nodes are hard, painless, or growing.
• You have unexplained weight loss, night sweats, or persistent fever.
• The swelling is accompanied by difficulty swallowing or breathing.
If you notice any of these signs, it’s best to consult a doctor for further evaluation.
How Are Swollen Lymph Nodes Diagnosed?
A doctor will examine your lymph nodes and ask about your symptoms. Depending on the findings, they may recommend:
Blood tests – To check for infections or immune disorders.
Imaging tests – Ultrasound or CT scan to examine lymph nodes in detail.
Biopsy – Removing a small sample of the lymph node for testing (if cancer is suspected).
Treatment for Swollen Lymph Nodes
The treatment depends on the underlying cause:
1. Home Care for Mild Cases
• Rest and hydration – Helps your body fight infections.
• Warm compress – Reduces pain and swelling.
• Over-the-counter pain relievers – Like ibuprofen or paracetamol (if needed).
2. Medical Treatment
• Antibiotics – If a bacterial infection is the cause.
• Antiviral medications – For viral infections like shingles or HIV.
• Treatment for autoimmune diseases or cancer – If diagnosed, specialised care will be needed.
Prevention & Healthy Habits
While you can’t always prevent swollen lymph nodes, you can reduce the risk of infections by:
• Washing hands frequently – Prevents the spread of germs.
• Staying up-to-date with vaccinations – Protects against infections like flu and measles.
• Eating a balanced diet – Boosts immunity.
• Managing stress – Weak immune systems are more prone to infections.
Final Thoughts
Swollen lymph nodes are usually harmless and resolve on their own. However, if they persist or come with worrying symptoms, it’s best to get them checked. Stay aware, take care of your health, and consult a doctor when in doubt.
Consult a General Practitioner for Personalised Advice
Consult a General Practitioner for Personalised Advice
Dr. Gaddam Manoj
General Practitioner
1 Years • MBBS
Hyderabad
Aaradhya clinic, Hyderabad
Dr. Mainak Baksi
General Practitioner
13 Years • MBBS , MD (MPH)
Howrah
Mainak Baksi Clinic, Howrah
(50+ Patients)
Dr. Sahana B
General Practitioner
3 Years • MBBS
Koppal
Khushi multi-speciality hospital, Koppal
Dr. Rajib Ghose
General Practitioner
25 Years • MBBS
East Midnapore
VIVEKANANDA SEBA SADAN, East Midnapore
Dr. Tapabrata Ray
General Practitioner
2 Years • MBBS, CPMeC,ACMDC
Kolkata
Nova Medical Services, Kolkata
(150+ Patients)
Consult a General Practitioner for Personalised Advice
Dr. Gaddam Manoj
General Practitioner
1 Years • MBBS
Hyderabad
Aaradhya clinic, Hyderabad
Dr. Mainak Baksi
General Practitioner
13 Years • MBBS , MD (MPH)
Howrah
Mainak Baksi Clinic, Howrah
(50+ Patients)
Dr. Sahana B
General Practitioner
3 Years • MBBS
Koppal
Khushi multi-speciality hospital, Koppal
Dr. Rajib Ghose
General Practitioner
25 Years • MBBS
East Midnapore
VIVEKANANDA SEBA SADAN, East Midnapore
Dr. Tapabrata Ray
General Practitioner
2 Years • MBBS, CPMeC,ACMDC
Kolkata
Nova Medical Services, Kolkata
(150+ Patients)
