Testicular Pain Overview and Management
Know about the testicular pain, causes, symptoms, and diagnosis. Learn about the management and treatment of testicular cancer.
Written by Dr. Siri Nallapu
Reviewed by Dr. J T Hema Pratima MBBS, Fellowship in Diabetes Mellitus
Last updated on 13th Jan, 2026
Introduction
Testicular pain can be a concerning and uncomfortable experience for any man. While it may sometimes be mild and temporary, it can also indicate a serious underlying condition that requires medical attention. This article will help you understand the possible causes of testicular pain, its symptoms, and how to manage it effectively.
What is Testicular Pain?
Testicular pain refers to discomfort or pain in one or both testicles. The pain can range from a dull ache to sharp, intense pain and may come on suddenly or develop gradually. Since the testicles are highly sensitive, even minor injuries or infections can cause significant discomfort.
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Common Causes of Testicular Pain
Several conditions can lead to testicular pain, including:
1. Trauma or Injury
- A direct hit or injury to the testicles can cause severe pain, swelling, and bruising. While most injuries heal on their own, severe trauma may require medical evaluation.
2. Epididymitis (Infection of the Epididymis)
- The epididymis is a coiled tube behind the testicle that stores sperm. Infection or inflammation (often due to bacterial infections or STIs) can cause pain, swelling, and fever.
3. Testicular Torsion (Medical Emergency)
- This occurs when the spermatic cord twists, cutting off the blood supply to the testicle. It causes sudden, severe pain and requires immediate medical intervention to prevent permanent damage.
4. Orchitis (Testicle Inflammation)
- Often caused by viral infections like mumps, orchitis leads to swelling, tenderness, and fever.
5. Kidney Stones or Hernia
- Sometimes, pain from kidney stones or an inguinal hernia can radiate to the testicles.
6. Varicocele (Enlarged Veins in the Scrotum)
- Similar to varicose veins, varicoceles can cause a dull, aching pain that worsens over the day.
7. Hydrocele (Fluid Buildup Around the Testicle)
- This is usually painless but can sometimes cause discomfort or heaviness in the scrotum.
8. Testicular Cancer
- Though rare, testicular cancer may cause a painless lump or dull ache in the testicle. Early detection is crucial for successful treatment.
Symptoms to Watch For
If you experience any of the following symptoms, seek medical attention immediately:
- Sudden, severe pain in the testicles
- Swelling, redness, or warmth in the scrotum
- Nausea or vomiting along with testicular pain
- Fever or chills
- Blood in urine or unusual discharge
- A hard lump in the testicle
How is Testicular Pain Diagnosed?
A doctor will perform a physical examination and may recommend:
- Ultrasound to check blood flow and detect abnormalities.
- Urine tests to check for infections.
- Blood tests to rule out STIs or other conditions.
Get Your Health Assessed
Management and Treatment Options
The management and treatment options include:
1. Home Care for Mild Pain
- Rest and Support: Wear supportive underwear to reduce discomfort.
- Ice Pack: Apply a cold pack (wrapped in a cloth) to reduce swelling.
- Pain Relief: Over-the-counter pain relievers like ibuprofen can help.
2. Medical Treatments
- Antibiotics for bacterial infections like epididymitis.
- Surgery for testicular torsion or severe cases of varicocele.
- Drainage or surgery for large hydroceles or hernias.
3. Lifestyle and Preventive Measures
- Practice Safe Sex to reduce the risk of STIs.
- Wear Protective Gear during sports to prevent injuries.
- Perform Regular Self-Exams to detect lumps early.
When to See a Doctor?
Seek immediate medical help if:
- The pain is sudden and severe.
- There is swelling, nausea, or fever.
- You notice a lump in the testicle.
For milder discomfort that persists, consult a doctor to rule out serious conditions.
Final Thoughts
Testicular pain should never be ignored. While some cases are minor, others require urgent care. Early diagnosis and treatment can prevent complications and ensure long-term health. If in doubt, always consult a doctor; your well-being is worth it.
Consult a Urologist for Personalised Advic
Consult a Urologist for Personalised Advic
Dr S K Singhanina
Urologist
25 Years • MBBS/MS/DNB AND MCH UROLOGY
Guwahati
Apollo Clinic Guwahati, Assam, Guwahati
Dr P K Bagchi
Urologist
10 Years • MBBS, MS (Gen. Surgery) M. Ch. (Urology)
Guwahati
Apollo Clinic Guwahati, Assam, Guwahati
Dr. Ramesh H
Urologist
16 Years • MBBS, MS , Mch( Urology)
Bengaluru
Apollo Clinic, JP nagar, Bengaluru
Dr. Sudhakar G V
Urologist
25 Years • MBBS, MS(Gen.Surgery), DNB Urology
Bengaluru
Apollo Clinic, JP nagar, Bengaluru
Dr. Pavan Kumar S K
Urologist
11 Years • MBBS, MS , Mch( Urology) DNB (Urology)
Bengaluru
Apollo Clinic, JP nagar, Bengaluru
Consult a Urologist for Personalised Advice
Dr S K Singhanina
Urologist
25 Years • MBBS/MS/DNB AND MCH UROLOGY
Guwahati
Apollo Clinic Guwahati, Assam, Guwahati
Dr P K Bagchi
Urologist
10 Years • MBBS, MS (Gen. Surgery) M. Ch. (Urology)
Guwahati
Apollo Clinic Guwahati, Assam, Guwahati
Dr. Ramesh H
Urologist
16 Years • MBBS, MS , Mch( Urology)
Bengaluru
Apollo Clinic, JP nagar, Bengaluru
Dr. Sudhakar G V
Urologist
25 Years • MBBS, MS(Gen.Surgery), DNB Urology
Bengaluru
Apollo Clinic, JP nagar, Bengaluru
Dr. Pavan Kumar S K
Urologist
11 Years • MBBS, MS , Mch( Urology) DNB (Urology)
Bengaluru
Apollo Clinic, JP nagar, Bengaluru
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