Guide to Newborn Care Week
Discover everything you need to know about Newborn Care in India. Learn essential newborn care practices, from immediate care after birth to daily routines, immunisation, and parental support.
Written by Dr. Md Yusuf Shareef
Reviewed by Dr. Shaik Abdul Kalam MD (Physician)
Last updated on 11th Sep, 2025
Introduction
Bringing a newborn home is a whirlwind of joy, excitement, and, undoubtedly, a touch of anxiety. Every parent wants to provide the absolute best care for their fragile new addition, but the sheer amount of information can be overwhelming. This is where Newborn Care steps in as a beacon of guidance and awareness. Newborn care means to educate parents, caregivers, and communities on the essential practices that can ensure a healthy start to life for every newborn. This comprehensive guide will walk you through everything you need to know, from the critical first minute after birth to daily care routines and recognising important health signs. Let’s demystify newborn care together and empower you with the knowledge to nurture your baby with confidence.
The Golden Minute and Immediate Care After Birth
The first sixty seconds after a baby is born, often called the "Golden Minute," are paramount for establishing breathing and ensuring a healthy transition to the outside world.
The Importance of Skin-to-Skin Contact (Kangaroo Mother Care)
Immediately after birth, placing the naked baby (dried but not bathed) on the mother’s bare chest is one of the most
beneficial practices. This skin-to-skin contact, also known as Kangaroo Mother Care (KMC), regulates the baby’s heart
rate and temperature, promotes bonding, and encourages the initiation of breastfeeding. Studies show that KMC can
reduce mortality in low-birth-weight babies by as much as 40%.
Delayed Cord Clamping and Its Benefits
The World Health Organization recommends delaying clamping the umbilical cord for at least one minute after birth.
This simple act allows more blood to transfer from the placenta to the baby, increasing their iron stores. This is crucial
for preventing iron deficiency anaemia later in infancy, supporting brain development and overall health.
Mastering the Essentials of Daily Newborn Care
The First Food, A Deep Dive into Breastfeeding Basics
Breast milk is not just food; it’s a complete source of nutrition and a powerful vaccine. Colostrum, the first thick,
yellowish milk, is rich in antibodies and essential for building the baby’s immune system. Exclusive breastfeeding for the
first six months is the single most effective intervention for improving newborn survival.
Proper Latching Techniques and Feeding Cues
A good latch is key to successful breastfeeding. Ensure your baby’s mouth is wide open, taking in most of the areola,
not just the nipple. Look for cues like rooting (turning head with open mouth), sucking on fists, and smacking lips to
indicate hunger. Feeding on demand—whenever the baby wants is recommended.
Consult a Specialist for the best advice
Ensuring Optimal Warmth; How to Prevent Hypothermia
Newborns cannot regulate their body temperature well. Preventing hypothermia is critical. Dry the baby thoroughly immediately after birth, practise skin-to-skin contact, and dress them in one more layer than an adult would wear. Always use a cap, as a significant amount of body heat is lost through the head. The room should be warm and draft-free.
Umbilical Cord Stump Care; A Step-by-Step Hygiene Guide
Keep the cord stump clean and dry to prevent infection. Fold the nappy below the stump to expose it to air. Clean the base of the stump with a cotton ball dipped in warm water and gently pat it dry. Avoid applying any substances like turmeric or ash. The stump will typically dry up and fall off on its own within one to two weeks.
Bathing Your Newborn; Tips for Safety and Comfort
Sponge bathing is advised until the umbilical cord falls off. Use lukewarm water and a mild, baby-specific soap. Ensure
the room is warm and have all supplies (towel, clean clothes, fresh nappy) within reach. Never leave the baby
unattended, even for a second. Bathing two or three times a week is sufficient to keep your newborn clean.
Recognising and Responding to Newborn Health Signs
Normal vs. Warning Signs, When to Actually Worry
It’s normal for newborns to have irregular breathing patterns or sneeze frequently. However, certain signs require
immediate medical attention. These include difficulty breathing (grunting, flaring nostrils), fever (over 100.4°F),
lethargy (inability to wake for feeds), poor feeding, and a yellowing of the skin (jaundice) that spreads to the arms or
legs. If your newborn exhibits any of these warning signs, consult a paediatrician immediately on Apollo24|7 for
prompt advice.
Understanding Common Issues, Jaundice, Nappy Rash, and Cradle Cap
- Jaundice: Yellow discolouration of the skin is common due to an immature liver. It often appears on the face and chest.
Feed frequently to help pass bilirubin through stools. However, if it worsens or the baby becomes sleepy, seek medical
help. - Nappy Rash: Change nappies frequently. Clean the area with warm water, pat dry, and apply a zinc oxide-based barrier
cream. Let the baby have some nappy-free time. - Cradle Cap: Crusty or oily scaly patches on the scalp are harmless. Gently massage with baby oil and brush with a soft
brush to loosen scales before shampooing.
The Shield of Protection; Immunisation and Regular Check-ups
The National Immunisation Schedule for Newborns
Vaccinations are a non-negotiable pillar of newborn care. The first vaccine, BCG (for Tuberculosis) and the first dose of
Hepatitis B and OPV (Oral Polio Vaccine), are administered at birth. Adhering to the national immunisation schedule
protects your child from life-threatening diseases like polio, diphtheria, whooping cough, and measles.
The Role of Growth Monitoring and Developmental Milestones
Regular check-ups with a paediatrician are not just for vaccinations. The doctor will track your baby’s weight, length,
and head circumference on a growth chart to ensure they are thriving. These visits are also an opportunity to discuss
developmental milestones and address any concerns you may have about your baby’s progress.
Beyond the Basics: Parental Well-being and Support Systems
Managing Postpartum Recovery and Mental Health
A healthy baby needs healthy parents. The postpartum period is physically and emotionally demanding. Prioritise rest,
accept help, and nourish your body with healthy foods. Be aware of the signs of postpartum depression (PPD), such as
persistent sadness, anxiety, or feelings of hopelessness. If you or your partner are struggling with these feelings, it is vital
to seek support. You can speak to a mental health professional conveniently online through Apollo24|7.
The Crucial Role of Family and Community Support
Raising a newborn truly takes a village. Lean on your family. Let your partner take turns with burping and nappy
changes. The support of ASHA workers in rural areas is also invaluable, providing a critical link between the
community and the health system, offering guidance on everything from breastfeeding to immunisation.
Conclusion
Newborn care is the foundation of a healthy future, and small, consistent practices can make a life-saving difference.
From skin-to-skin contact and exclusive breastfeeding to immunisation and regular check-ups, every step plays a vital
role in your baby’s growth and survival. The informed parents, supportive families, and accessible healthcare together ensure every child gets the best possible start. With the right knowledge and support, you can confidently nurture your little one toward a healthy, happy life.
Consult a Specialist for the best advice
Consult a Specialist for the best advice
Dr Suseela
General Physician
5 Years • MBBS
Bengaluru
Apollo Medical Center, Marathahalli, Bengaluru
Dr. Mainak Baksi
General Practitioner
13 Years • MBBS , MD (MPH)
Howrah
Mainak Baksi Clinic, Howrah
(50+ Patients)
Dr. Praveen Kumar Mukka
General Physician/ Internal Medicine Specialist
21 Years • MBBS, MD General Medicine
Hyderabad
Apollo 24|7 Clinic - Telangana, Hyderabad
(50+ Patients)
Dr. Rajib Ghose
General Practitioner
25 Years • MBBS
East Midnapore
VIVEKANANDA SEBA SADAN, East Midnapore
Dr. Bulbul Biswas
General Practitioner
35 Years • MBBS, Diploma in Maternity and child welfare
Kolkata
HERSTEL CARE CLINIC, Kolkata
Consult a Specialist for the best advice
Dr Suseela
General Physician
5 Years • MBBS
Bengaluru
Apollo Medical Center, Marathahalli, Bengaluru
Dr. Mainak Baksi
General Practitioner
13 Years • MBBS , MD (MPH)
Howrah
Mainak Baksi Clinic, Howrah
(50+ Patients)
Dr. Praveen Kumar Mukka
General Physician/ Internal Medicine Specialist
21 Years • MBBS, MD General Medicine
Hyderabad
Apollo 24|7 Clinic - Telangana, Hyderabad
(50+ Patients)
Dr. Rajib Ghose
General Practitioner
25 Years • MBBS
East Midnapore
VIVEKANANDA SEBA SADAN, East Midnapore
Dr. Bulbul Biswas
General Practitioner
35 Years • MBBS, Diploma in Maternity and child welfare
Kolkata
HERSTEL CARE CLINIC, Kolkata
