Liver Function Tests Overview
Know about liver function tests, why are they done, interpretation of results, common causes of abnormal liver function tests and how to keep your liver healthy.
Introduction
Your liver is one of the hardest-working organs in your body, performing essential functions like detoxification, protein production, and digestion support. To ensure your liver is functioning well, doctors often recommend Liver Function Tests (LFTs).
If you’ve been asked to get an LFT or are curious about what these tests mean, this guide will help you understand everything in simple terms.
What Are Liver Function Tests (LFTs)?
Liver Function Tests are a group of blood tests that check how well your liver is working. These tests measure different enzymes, proteins, and substances in your blood to detect liver damage, inflammation, or disease.
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Common Tests Included in LFTs
- Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT) – High levels may indicate liver damage.
- Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST) – Elevated levels can suggest liver or muscle damage.
- Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP) – High levels may point to bile duct problems or bone disease.
- Albumin – Low levels can indicate poor liver function.
- Bilirubin – High levels may suggest jaundice or bile duct blockage.
- Total Protein – Measures the amount of protein in your blood, which helps assess liver function.
Why Are LFTs Done?
Your doctor may recommend LFTs if you:
- Have symptoms of liver disease (jaundice, fatigue, nausea, swelling in legs).
- Are on medications that may affect the liver.
- Have a history of alcohol abuse or viral hepatitis.
- They are being monitored for an existing liver condition.
- Need a routine health check-up.
Understanding Your LFT Results
Normal ranges for LFTs can vary slightly between labs, but here’s a general idea:
Note: Abnormal results don’t always mean liver disease. Your doctor will interpret them along with your symptoms and medical history.
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Common Causes of Abnormal LFTs
- Fatty Liver Disease – Due to obesity, diabetes, or high cholesterol.
- Hepatitis (Viral or Autoimmune) – Inflammation of the liver.
- Alcohol-Related Liver Damage – Excessive drinking harms liver cells.
- Medications (e.g., Paracetamol Overuse) – Some drugs can cause liver toxicity.
- Gallstones or Bile Duct Blockage – Leads to increased bilirubin.
How to Keep Your Liver Healthy
If your LFT results are abnormal, or if you want to prevent liver problems, here are some lifestyle tips:
1. Eat a Liver-Friendly Diet
- Increase: Fruits, vegetables, whole grains, lean proteins.
- Reduce: Fried foods, processed sugars, excessive salt.
- Hydrate well – Drink plenty of water to help detoxify.
2. Limit Alcohol
- Excessive alcohol is a major cause of liver damage. Stick to moderate drinking or avoid it altogether if you have liver
concerns.
3. Exercise Regularly
- Physical activity helps reduce fatty liver and maintain a healthy weight.
4. Avoid Unnecessary Medications
- Some painkillers (like paracetamol) can harm the liver if taken in excess. Always follow dosage instructions.
5. Get Vaccinated (Hepatitis A & B)
- Vaccines can protect you from viral hepatitis infections.
6. Regular Check-ups
- If you have risk factors (diabetes, obesity, alcohol use), routine LFTs can help catch problems early.
When to See a Doctor?
Consult a doctor if you experience:
- Yellowing of skin/eyes (jaundice).
- Persistent fatigue or weakness.
- Swelling in the abdomen or legs.
- Dark urine or pale stools.
If your LFT results are abnormal, your doctor may recommend further tests (ultrasound, FibroScan, or biopsy) to determine the cause.
Final Thoughts
Your liver plays a crucial role in keeping you healthy. Regular check-ups, a balanced diet, and a healthy lifestyle can go a long way in preventing liver diseases. If you have any concerns, don’t hesitate to consult a doctor.
Consult General Practitioner for Personalised Advice
Consult General Practitioner for Personalised Advice
Dr Suseela
General Physician
5 Years • MBBS
Bengaluru
Apollo Medical Center, Marathahalli, Bengaluru
Dr. Avinash Pasuparthy
General Practitioner
5 Years • MBBS
Visakhapatnam
Apollo Clinic Vizag, Visakhapatnam
Dr. Riti Srivastava
General Practitioner
12 Years • MD (Physician)
Gautam Buddha Nagar
Shri Krishna Clinic, Gautam Buddha Nagar
Dr. Pankaj Tripathi
General Practitioner
20 Years • MBBS, MD Pathology
Lucknow
Best Diabetologist Clinic, Lucknow
Dr. Thameena
General Practitioner
5 Years • MBBS
Tiruchirappalli
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Consult General Practitioner for Personalised Advice
Dr Suseela
General Physician
5 Years • MBBS
Bengaluru
Apollo Medical Center, Marathahalli, Bengaluru
Dr. Avinash Pasuparthy
General Practitioner
5 Years • MBBS
Visakhapatnam
Apollo Clinic Vizag, Visakhapatnam
Dr. Riti Srivastava
General Practitioner
12 Years • MD (Physician)
Gautam Buddha Nagar
Shri Krishna Clinic, Gautam Buddha Nagar
Dr. Pankaj Tripathi
General Practitioner
20 Years • MBBS, MD Pathology
Lucknow
Best Diabetologist Clinic, Lucknow
Dr. Thameena
General Practitioner
5 Years • MBBS
Tiruchirappalli
Bismi Clinic, Tiruchirappalli
