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CD64 (Monocytic Macrophage Marker)

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  • CD64 (Monocytic Macrophage Marker)

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About

blood sample
Sample

WHOLE BLOOD AND BONE MARROW IN HEPARIN AND EDTA

Gender
Gender

Both

users
Age group

7 years & above

The body's white blood cells come in five variants, with neutrophils being the predominant type. CD64 (nCD64) is a specific type of neutrophil.

The primary function of such cells is to fight infections. Consequently, neutrophil concentrations increase significantly upon detecting any viral invasion. However, in some cases, elevated neutrophil levels persist even after the infection subsides. This usually leads to sepsis.

The condition is life-threatening and involves the immune system releasing specific chemicals into the bloodstream. These chemicals cause inflammation and damage internal organs. Initial symptoms of sepsis manifest as breathing difficulties or general cognitive impairment. Some other indicators of the condition include the following:

  • Fever
  • Low temperature
  • Unusual urinary patterns 
  • Rapid heartbeat
  • Nausea 
  • Fatigue and general weakness
  • Skin discolouration

In extreme cases, affected individuals may experience a sudden and significant drop in blood pressure. Clinically known as 'septic shock', this can cause organ failure and is potentially fatal.

It’s essential to note that sepsis is not directly caused by nCD64. Instead, the neutrophil is present in increased concentrations during the body’s viral resistance process and only serves as a marker. When that process is prolonged, the immune system starts malfunctioning. Subsequently, doctors always consider the initial infection as the source.

The CD64 (Monocytic Macrophage Marker) test can be helpful in the detection of sepsis or any other significant bacterial and viral infection. Doctors can then use the test results to prescribe the necessary treatment.

nCD64 serves as the primary diagnostic marker because it demonstrates high clinical sensitivity and specificity in diagnosing infections. Related medical examinations have also used the neutrophil with additional biomarkers to provide an improved diagnostic value.

Additionally, increased nCD64 expression is present on the cell surface in the case of bacterial infections. This enables the CD64 (Monocytic Macrophage Marker) test to deliver diagnostic results faster than a conventional blood culture examination.

Standard practice for performing the test involves using the flow cytometry method. Testers suspend the patient sample and then inject it into a flow cytometer. The cells are pre-arranged and pass through a combination of a laser, fluorescent and scattered light diode. A final assessment reveals nCD64 concentrations.

Test results contain information on the following aspects:

  • Cell count
  • Cell characteristics

The CD64 (Monocytic Macrophage Marker) test is instrumental in detecting neonatal infections. Since current medical techniques do not adequately solve the clinical challenges of diagnosing such conditions, an examination of the neutrophil can serve as the primary assessment tool.

Apollo 24|7 hosts a CD64 (Monocytic Macrophage Marker) test that can detect any bacterial and viral infections in addition to sepsis. Moreover, test results that display neutrophil concentrations above a 1.19 index can be helpful in the following:

  • Predicting a negative blood culture result 
  • Identifying false results from prior tests

Doctors can then provide antibiotic treatments depending on infection severity and the associated stage of the septic patient.
 

faqFrequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

Is sepsis a severe medical condition?

In most mild cases, people suffering from the condition can recover without additional complications. However, the disease still has a high mortality rate, with 1 out of 5 patients dying. Additionally, if patients recover from a severe septic episode, they can be at a higher risk of developing future infections.

Who can be considered at-risk for frequent infections?

Sepsis or any other infection primarily occurs in individuals with a weakened or compromised immune system. Some additional at-risk cases include: Pregnant women Infants and adolescents Elderly people, especially in cases of existing respiratory issues People recovering from surgery Diabetic patients

Besides general bacterial and viral infections, what other factors cause sepsis?

Medical conditions commonly associated with the infection are as follows: Meningitis  Appendicitis Pneumonia Liver cirrhosis Urinary Tract Infections (UTIs)

Why is a CD64 (Monocytic Macrophage Marker) test better than a standard blood culture test?

Current testing methods to diagnose septic patients involve blood culture tests. One prominent disadvantage of such assessment techniques is that it can take more than three days for the final result to be available. During that time, the condition of an infected or septic patient can deteriorate rapidly. A CD64 (Monocytic Macrophage Marker) test takes significantly less time to deliver results and, thus, helps administer timely antibiotic treatment.

What are some preparatory steps to take the test?

There are no additional requirements for taking the CD64 (Monocytic Macrophage Marker) test. However, doctors can only verify the final test result with the help of the patient’s clinical history. Anyone considering taking the test must provide the same.

When should you opt for such a test?

In most circumstances, critically ill septic patients or people suspecting an infection take the CD64 (Monocytic Macrophage Marker) test. Doctors may also administer the test as a precautionary measure when an individual is recovering from surgery. Any sign of infection can be reason enough to opt for such an examination.

Why should Apollo be your preferred healthcare partner?

  • 40 Years of legacy and credibility in the healthcare industry.
  • NABL certified multi-channel digital healthcare platform.
  • Affordable diagnostic solutions with timely and accurate test results.
  • Up to 60% discount on Doorstep Diagnostic Tests, Home Sample Collection.
  • An inventory of over 100+ laboratories, spread across the country, operating out of 120+ cities with 1200+ collection centers, serving over 1800+ pin codes.

The information mentioned above is meant for educational purposes only and should not be taken as a substitute to your Physician’s advice. It is highly recommended that the customer consults with a qualified healthcare professional to interpret test results