Hepatitis E Virus IgG (Hev IgG)

Hepatitis E is a viral infection that primarily affects the liver and is caused by the hepatitis E virus (HEV). This virus is prevalent in areas with inadequate sanitation and hygiene practices. Hepatitis E is typically transmitted through contaminated water or food, as well as through contact with infected blood. While most cases of hepatitis E resolve on their own within a few weeks, some individuals may develop severe liver damage or complications.

Hepatitis E Virus IgG (Hev IgG) is a diagnostic test specifically designed to detect the presence of antibodies against the HEV virus in the blood. It helps doctors determine whether an individual has been exposed to the virus. By detecting the presence of HEV-specific IgG antibodies, this test aids in the diagnosis and management of hepatitis E.

Symptoms

Hepatitis E is generally characterised by mild symptoms that typically resolve within a few weeks. However, in certain instances, the disease can progress to more severe forms and cause significant health issues.

Common symptoms of hepatitis E include fatigue, abdominal pain, loss of appetite, and nausea with or without vomiting. Jaundice, characterised by yellowing of the skin and eyes, is another prominent symptom of the infection. Additionally, individuals may experience dark urine and pale-coloured stool, which are indicators of liver dysfunction.

While most people with hepatitis E recover without medical intervention, it is important to monitor the symptoms closely. In severe cases, the infection can lead to acute liver failure, particularly in pregnant women and individuals with pre-existing liver disease.

Test Procedure

The Hepatitis E Virus IgG (Hev IgG) test requires a blood sample for testing. A trained technician will insert a needle into a vein in your arm to collect the blood sample. The procedure is quick and simple, and it usually takes just a few minutes to complete.

Once the blood sample is obtained, it is carefully labelled and sent to a specialised laboratory for analysis. In the lab, the blood sample undergoes a series of procedures to detect the presence of HEV-specific IgG antibodies. These antibodies are produced by the immune system in response to the HEV virus.

Laboratory technicians use advanced techniques, such as enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), to detect and measure the levels of IgG antibodies in the blood sample. ELISA utilises specific antigens related to HEV to capture the antibodies if present. The reaction between the antibodies and the antigens produces a measurable signal, indicating a positive result.

Treatment

While there is no specific treatment for hepatitis E, most individuals with the infection experience a self-limiting course and recover without medical intervention. Rest, proper hydration, and maintaining a healthy diet are generally recommended during the recovery period. It is important to avoid alcohol and certain medications that may further strain the liver.

However, in rare instances, hepatitis E can progress to a severe form, particularly in individuals with compromised immune systems or pre-existing liver conditions. These individuals may require hospitalisation for closer monitoring and supportive care. Hospital-based management aims to provide intravenous fluids for hydration, proper nutrition, and, if necessary, treatment of complications.

In cases where liver function becomes severely impaired, liver transplantation may be considered a life-saving measure. This option is reserved for individuals with fulminant hepatitis E or those with chronic liver disease exacerbated by the infection.

Prevention is crucial in combating hepatitis E. Measures such as ensuring access to clean drinking water, practising good personal hygiene, and maintaining proper sanitation facilities are vital in preventing the spread of the virus. In regions where hepatitis E is endemic, efforts to improve sanitation infrastructure and increase public awareness can significantly reduce the incidence of the disease.

Benefits of an Early Diagnosis

Early diagnosis of Hepatitis E is crucial for effective treatment and management of the condition. Hepatitis E Virus IgG (Hev IgG) is a simple and effective diagnostic test that can detect whether a person has been exposed to the HEV virus.

By getting tested early, individuals can take appropriate steps to manage their condition and prevent complications. In addition, an early diagnosis can help to prevent the spread of the virus to others.

Apollo 24|7 offers a convenient way to book diagnostic tests online. To book a Hepatitis E Virus IgG (Hev IgG) test, simply visit the Apollo 24|7 website and select the test from the list of available options. You can then choose a date and time that is convenient for you and make the payment online. Once you have booked the test, you will receive a confirmation email with all the details you need to know about your appointment. The results of the test will be available within 6 days.
 

Frequently asked questions

How is Hepatitis E transmitted?

Hepatitis E is usually spread through contaminated water or food. It can also be transmitted through contact with infected blood.

Is Hepatitis E a serious disease?

In most cases, Hepatitis E is a self-limiting disease that resolves on its own within a few weeks without medical intervention. However, in rare cases, it can lead to severe liver damage and even death, particularly in individuals with compromised immune systems or pre-existing liver conditions.

Is there a vaccine for Hepatitis E?

Yes, there are vaccines available for Hepatitis E. However, their availability may vary by country, and they are not universally included in routine immunisation schedules.

How long does it take for symptoms of Hepatitis E to appear after infection?

The incubation period for Hepatitis E is typically 2 to 6 weeks, but it can range from 2 to 9 weeks. Some individuals infected with Hepatitis E may not experience symptoms but can still transmit the virus to others.

Can Hepatitis E recur after recovery?

Hepatitis E infection usually results in lifelong immunity, meaning that individuals who have recovered from the disease are generally protected from reinfection with the same strain of the virus.