R.D.W in Kurla West, Mumbai

RDW Blood Test

Test Overview

The RDW blood test, short for Red Cell Distribution Width test, is a diagnostic component of a complete blood count (CBC) that evaluates the variation in size (volume) of red blood cells (RBCs) in your bloodstream. The test measures how much your red blood cells differ in size and can help identify several underlying conditions, including different types of anaemia, nutritional deficiencies, and bone marrow disorders.

In a healthy individual, red blood cells are relatively uniform in size. A higher RDW in blood test results indicates greater variation, which can signal the presence of a health problem that requires further investigation. The RDW test does not provide a standalone diagnosis but works in conjunction with other blood tests, especially mean corpuscular volume (MCV), to uncover the root cause of abnormalities in red blood cells.

The RDW blood test is a crucial tool in modern haematology, enabling early detection of conditions ranging from iron deficiency to chronic liver disease, often before symptoms become obvious. As such, it plays an important role in routine health checks and diagnostic evaluations.

What is the RDW Blood Test Price?

RDW Blood Test 

The RDW blood test price can vary based on several factors such as geographic location, the diagnostic centre's reputation, and whether it is part of a more comprehensive panel like the Complete Blood Count (CBC). The RDW in blood test reports is typically included as a component of the CBC, making it accessible and economical for individuals undergoing routine health evaluations.
Several considerations influence the price of an RDW test, including whether it is ordered individually or as part of a broader panel, the testing facility, and available discounts.

• Location: Diagnostic centres in major cities may charge more than those in rural or suburban areas due to operational costs.
  Type of Test: While the RDW blood test can be performed on its own, it is more commonly included in the CBC, which evaluates a range of blood components and offers greater clinical insight.
• Diagnostic Provider: Laboratories like Apollo Diagnostics often offer value packages or discounted pricing when booked through online platforms such as Apollo 24|7.
• Online Booking Offers: Booking an RDW in blood test online may come with perks like reduced fees or free home sample collection, making the process more convenient and cost-effective.

What is the Purpose of the RDW Blood Test?

The RDW blood test aims to evaluate the variation in red blood cell size. Specifically, the RDW test helps to:

• Detect Early Anaemia: A high RDW may signal the presence of iron deficiency anaemia or vitamin B12/folate deficiency before other indices become abnormal.
• Differentiate Anaemia Types: When used alongside MCV, RDW helps distinguish between microcytic, macrocytic, and normocytic anaemia.
• Identify Nutritional Deficiencies: A raised RDW may suggest deficiencies in iron, vitamin B12, or folic acid.
• Evaluate Chronic Disease Impact: Conditions such as liver disease, kidney disease, or bone marrow disorders may manifest with elevated RDW.
• Monitor Disease Progression or Treatment: Repeating RDW measurements over time helps assess how well a treatment plan is working.
• Predict Cardiovascular Risk: Some studies have linked elevated RDW to a higher risk of cardiovascular conditions like heart failure and stroke.

Who Should Get an RDW Blood Test Done?

An RDW blood test is often part of a routine check-up but may also be specifically recommended for individuals who show signs of certain medical conditions. Below is a list of people who might benefit from this test:

• Individuals with Symptoms of Anaemia: Those experiencing fatigue, pale skin, cold hands or feet, dizziness, or shortness of breath may have reduced red blood cell count or haemoglobin levels. These symptoms often correlate with abnormal RDW values, making the RDW blood test a useful diagnostic tool.
• Individuals with Nutritional Deficiencies: People with poor diets, eating disorders, or restricted food intake may lack essential nutrients like iron, folic acid, or vitamin B12, leading to abnormal RDW levels.
• People with Chronic Conditions: Those with liver disease, kidney dysfunction, or inflammatory disorders may exhibit elevated RDW values due to systemic effects on red blood cell production and turnover.
• Patients Undergoing Chemotherapy or Radiation: These therapies can affect bone marrow function, altering red blood cell size and variability.
• Pregnant Women: Pregnancy increases the demand for iron and folate, and the RDW test helps identify early signs of deficiency to ensure maternal and foetal health.
• People with Cardiovascular Risk: Some cardiologists include RDW levels when evaluating overall cardiovascular risk, particularly in older adults or individuals with metabolic syndrome.

Components of the RDW Blood Test

Though RDW is a specific measurement, it is generally evaluated alongside other parameters within a Complete Blood Count (CBC). Key components of RDW test are as follows:

• RDW-CV (Coefficient of Variation): Expressed as a percentage, this value represents the variation in red cell size relative to the mean cell size. The normal range is typically 11.5% to 14.5%.
• RDW-SD (Standard Deviation): Expressed in femtolitres (fL), this measure reflects the absolute size variation. It is more accurate in detecting mixed populations of red cells.

Understanding the RDW Blood Test Report

Interpreting an RDW blood test involves assessing whether the variation in red blood cell size falls within the normal range.

Note: Test values may vary slightly between laboratories due to different equipment or measurement standards. Always consult your healthcare provider for interpretation specific to your health profile.

Abnormal RDW Levels in Blood Test

An abnormal RDW in blood test results may indicate underlying health issues, particularly those affecting red blood cell production or lifespan.

1. High RDW in Blood Test

A high RDW result means there is greater variation in the size of your red blood cells. This condition is called anisocytosis and often points to issues such as:

• Iron Deficiency Anaemia: One of the most common causes of high RDW, often seen alongside low mean corpuscular volume (MCV).
• Vitamin Deficiencies: Lack of vitamin B12 or folate can affect red blood cell development and lead to uneven sizes.
• Recent Blood Loss: If the body is rapidly producing new red cells after bleeding, RDW may be elevated.
• Liver Disease: Can cause abnormalities in red blood cell production or destruction.
• Bone Marrow Disorders: Conditions like myelodysplastic syndromes may lead to immature or irregular RBCs.
• Haemolytic Anaemia: Where red blood cells break down faster than they can be replaced.

A high RDW in blood test results doesn’t always point to a single condition. It usually needs to be interpreted with other CBC components like MCV, haemoglobin, and RBC count for accurate diagnosis.

2. Low RDW in Blood Test

A low RDW result is relatively uncommon and usually not clinically significant. However, in some cases, it may suggest a uniform population of RBCs. Because a low RDW blood test rarely indicates serious issues on its own, it’s generally assessed alongside other CBC markers to determine if further investigation is needed.

Preparation and Procedure for the RDW Blood Test

Understanding how to prepare for the RDW blood test and what to expect during the procedure ensures accuracy and helps ease any concerns.

1. Preparation for the RDW Blood Test

No Fasting Required: In most cases, the RDW blood test does not require fasting. However, if it is performed alongside other blood tests like fasting glucose or cholesterol, fasting for 8 to 12 hours may be recommended.

• Medication Disclosure: Inform your healthcare provider about any current medications, including iron supplements, vitamin B12, folic acid, or any treatments for chronic conditions. These can influence red blood cell characteristics and the RDW values.
• Time of Day: There is no specific time requirement for the RDW in blood test. It can be done at any point during the day unless advised otherwise by your doctor.
• Hydration: Drink water prior to your appointment unless told not to. Being well-hydrated can make the blood draw process quicker and more comfortable.
• Avoid Intense Exercise: Try to avoid vigorous exercise 24 hours before the test, as intense physical activity can temporarily alter blood parameters, including RDW values.

2. Procedure for the RDW Blood Test

• Blood Sample Collection: The RDW blood test involves drawing a small amount of blood from a vein, usually in the arm. A phlebotomist or trained technician carries out the procedure in a clinic, hospital, or diagnostic centre.
• Minimal Discomfort: The blood draw is quick and typically causes only minor discomfort. There may be slight bruising or tenderness at the puncture site, which usually resolves within a day or two.
• Laboratory Analysis: Once the blood sample is collected, it is sent to a lab for analysis. 
• Result Turnaround: Results are usually available within 24 to 48 hours, depending on the diagnostic centre. If the RDW test is done as part of a health check-up or routine evaluation, the turnaround time may align with other CBC parameters.
• Interpretation by Healthcare Provider: Once results are available, your doctor will review them in conjunction with other CBC markers and clinical symptoms.

How to Access Your Test Report on Apollo 24|7?

Steps to access your test reports are:

1. Wait for the Notification: Once your RDW test is processed and the results are ready, Apollo 24|7 will automatically notify you. You will receive an SMS or email alert sent to your registered mobile number or email ID.

2. Log in to Your Apollo 24|7 Account: To access your report, you must log in to your Apollo 24|7 account.

• Visit the Apollo 24|7 website or open the Apollo 24|7 mobile app on your smartphone.
• Use your registered mobile number or email address to log in.
• You may be asked to enter an OTP (One-Time Password) for secure access.

3. Navigate to the ‘Reports’ Section:  Once you’re logged in, go to your account dashboard. Look for the “Reports” tab, usually located at the bottom menu in the app or on the main dashboard of the website. Click or tap on this section to view all your diagnostic test reports.

4. Find and Open Your RDW Test Report:

• In the “Reports” section, you’ll see a list of all your previous medical test results.
• Locate the RDW test report from the list based on the date or test name.
• Click on the test name to open and view the report.

5. View or Download Your Report: You can now access the full RDW test report.