Sex Hormone Binding Globulin (SHBG)

The Sex Hormone Binding Globulin (SHBG test) is a test that is used to gauge the level of certain sex hormones in both men and women. This protein produced by the liver attaches itself to the 3 primary sex hormones in both genders. It is SHBG that controls the quantity of distribution of these hormones throughout the entire body.

These hormones include:

• Testosterone: It is the main sex hormone in men
• Dihydrotestosterone (DHT): The second sex hormone in men
• Estradiol: Type of estrogen that is the primary sex hormone for females
  
  The job of SHBG is to attach itself to these sex hormones mentioned above. So, the Sex Hormone Binding Globulin Test to determine the levels of these hormones based on the quantity of SHBG found in the sample. 

Generally, the SHBG test, more than anything, is used to measure the level of Testosterone found in your bloodstream. It is one of the most accurate ways to detect an excess or deficit of Testosterone in your body. 

It checks the Testosterone quantity your tissues are receiving. The SHBG test thus proves essential as low levels of Testosterone in men might cause:

• Low sex drive 
• Fertility problems
• Difficulty in attaining an erection

Additionally, high levels of Testosterone in women might cause:

• Growth of excess facial and body hair
• Acne 
• Menstrual irregularities 
• Fertility problems
• Deepening of voice 
• Weight gain

The SHBG test package consists of a single test which requires a blood sample. 

The Sex Hormone Binding Globulin Test is more effective than a normal total testosterone test. This is because a regular test can show results that seem normal, while the patient is showing possible symptoms of testosterone imbalance in the body. In this case, you will have to undergo a comprehensive SHBG test to accurately gauge the levels of the other 2 sex hormones in your bloodstream. 

This is perfect when a general testosterone test cannot explain some of your symptoms. This is important as low levels of SHBG might lead to:

• Obesity 
• Type 2 diabetes 
• Acromegaly, or overproduction of the growth hormone
• Hypothyroidism 
• Overuse of steroids 
• Cushing's Syndrome
• Testicular Cancer for men
• Polycystic Ovary Syndrome for women

On the other hand, high levels of SHBG might lead to:

• Hyperthyroidism 
• HIV
• Liver disease 
• An issue in the testicles or pituitary gland for men. 
• Addison’s disease for women
• Anticonvulsants
• Hepatitis

The SHBG test cost is around INR 2,300 at Apollo 24/7 and the test results are generally dispersed within 48 hours.
 

Medically reviewed by Dr. Jasmin Rath, Obstetrics & Gynaecology from apollo Hospitals Jubilee Hills, Hyderabad.