Question 1

What is the right method to collect a urine sample?

Accepted Answer

The right method to collect a urine sample is to collect midstream urine. Discard the first few drops of urine as it might contain the microorganisms present on the surface of the genitals. It is advised to clean the genitals and surrounding area before the collection of a urine sample.

Question 2

Why it is advised to collect midstream urine for the collection of a urine sample?

Accepted Answer

The urine culture might contain the growth of different types of bacteria if the initial stream of urine is collected for a urine sample as the bacteria present inside and outside the urinary tract are different. The genital area is cleaned and the skin around it before giving the sample. Discard the initial stream of urine and collect mid-stream urine for accurate results.

Question 3

What is gout?

Accepted Answer

Gout is a form of arthritis that is the complex form and can affect any person. The most common affected area is the joint at the base of the big toe. The symptoms of gout include intense pain in joints, discomfort, inflammation and redness, and limited range of motion.

Question 4

What are the risk factors of gout?

Accepted Answer

The major risk factor of gout is increased levels of uric acid in the body. Other risk factors include diet which can raise the levels of uric acid such as meat, seafood, and sweetened beverages; being overweight, untreated high blood pressure, chronic conditions such as metabolic syndrome, diabetes, heart, and kidney diseases; effect of certain medications such as thiazide diuretics, having a family history of gout, and in patients who recently got surgery or trauma.

Question 5

Which symptoms indicate the presence of kidney stones?

Accepted Answer

The symptoms which indicate the presence of kidney stones include pain in the lower back, side, abdomen, or groin; nausea, increased urge to urinate, discomfort and pain while urinating, presence of blood in urine, and foul-smelling urine.

Question 6

What risk factors are associated with high levels of uric acid?

Accepted Answer

The risk factors associated with high levels of uric acid include alcohol intake, medicines used to treat heart diseases, exposure to lead, pesticides; kidney disease, high blood pressure, high blood glucose levels, hypothyroidism, obesity, and extreme levels of physical activity.

Question 7

Which conditions can cause an increase in levels of creatinine?

Accepted Answer

The conditions which can cause an increase in levels of creatinine include damage or swelling of blood vessels in the kidneys caused due to infection or autoimmune diseases, bacterial infection of the kidneys, death of cells in the kidneys, conditions that can block the flow of urine in urinary tract like kidney stone or prostate disease, and reduced blood flow to the kidney which can be due to shock, congestive heart failure, dehydration, atherosclerosis, or complications of diabetes.

Question 8

Should I inform my doctor if I am taking any medicines?

Accepted Answer

Yes, please inform your doctor if you are taking any medicines or supplements as it might interfere with the test results.

Uric Acid/Creatinine Ratio- Spot Urine

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