Ganglion Cyst Overview and Treatment Options
Know about the ganglion cyst, what it is, symptoms, causes, risk, diagnosis and treatment options. Learn the ways to prevent the ganglion cyst.
Written by Dr. J T Hema Pratima
Reviewed by Dr. Dhankecha Mayank Dineshbhai MBBS
Last updated on 2nd Sep, 2025
Introduction
If you’ve noticed a small, soft lump on your wrist, hand, or foot, you might be dealing with a ganglion cyst. While these cysts are usually harmless, they can sometimes cause discomfort or concern. This article will help you understand what ganglion cysts are, their symptoms, causes, and the best ways to manage them.
What Is a Ganglion Cyst?
A ganglion cyst is a non-cancerous, fluid-filled lump that often forms near joints or tendons, most commonly on the wrists, hands, or feet. These cysts contain a thick, jelly-like fluid and can vary in size; some are as small as a pea, while others grow larger.
Ganglion cysts are not dangerous and often go away on their own. However, if they press on a nerve or cause pain, you may need treatment.
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Symptoms of a Ganglion Cyst
Ganglion cysts can be:
Soft or firm to the touch
Round or oval-shaped
Painless (in many cases)
Painful if pressing on a nerve or joint
Changing in size (may grow or shrink over time)
Some people also experience:
Tingling or numbness (if the cyst presses on a nerve)
Limited movement (if located near a joint)
What Causes a Ganglion Cyst?
Doctors aren’t entirely sure why ganglion cysts develop, but possible causes include:
Joint or tendon irritation (from repetitive movements)
Injury or trauma to the joint
Wear and tear on joints over time
They are more common in:
Women (especially between ages 15-40)
People who use their wrists/hands frequently (e.g., typists, gymnasts, musicians)
How Are Ganglion Cysts Diagnosed?
A doctor can usually diagnose a ganglion cyst by:
Physical examination (checking the lump’s size, shape, and location)
Transillumination (shining a light to see if the cyst is fluid-filled)
Imaging tests (like an ultrasound or MRI), if the diagnosis is unclear
Treatment Options for Ganglion Cysts
Many ganglion cysts don’t require treatment unless they cause pain or interfere with movement. Here are some common approaches:
1. Watchful Waiting
If the cyst isn’t painful, doctors often recommend leaving it alone.
Many cysts disappear on their own over time.
2. Immobilisation (Resting the Joint)
Reducing movement with a brace or splint can help shrink the cyst.
This is especially useful for wrist cysts.
3. Aspiration (Draining the Cyst)
A doctor numbs the area and uses a needle to drain the fluid.
However, cysts can come back after this procedure.
4. Surgery (Cyst Removal)
If the cyst is painful or keeps returning, a doctor may recommend surgical removal.
Surgery has a lower recurrence rate than aspiration.
Home Care and Prevention Tips
While you can’t always prevent ganglion cysts, these tips may help:
Avoid repetitive strain on wrists and hands.
Use ergonomic tools if you work long hours on a keyboard.
Apply warm compresses to reduce discomfort.
Don’t try to pop the cyst yourself—this can lead to infection.
When Should You See a Doctor?
Consult a doctor if:
The cyst is growing rapidly or is very painful.
You notice redness, warmth, or signs of infection.
The cyst limits your movement or causes numbness.
Final Thoughts
Ganglion cysts are common and usually harmless, but they can sometimes be bothersome. The best approach depends on your symptoms; some people just need time, while others may benefit from medical treatment. If you’re unsure, don’t hesitate to seek professional advice.
Consult a Gynaecologist for Personalised Advice
Consult a Gynaecologist for Personalised Advice
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