Understanding Symphysis Pubis Dysfunction and Treatments
Learn about Symphysis Pubis Dysfunction (SPD), its causes, symptoms, and effects during pregnancy. Explore effective treatments, exercises, and lifestyle tips to manage pelvic pain.
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Last updated on 1st Sep, 2025
Symphysis Pubis Dysfunction (SPD) is a condition that affects the pelvic joint, causing pain and discomfort, especially during pregnancy. While it can be challenging, understanding SPD and its treatments can help you manage the symptoms effectively.
What is Symphysis Pubis Dysfunction?
SPD occurs when the ligaments around the pubic symphysis (the joint at the front of the pelvis) become too relaxed and stretchy, leading to instability and pain. This condition is common during pregnancy due to hormonal changes that loosen the ligaments to prepare the body for childbirth. However, SPD can also occur due to injury, trauma, or other medical conditions.
Symptoms of SPD
If you have SPD, you may experience:
- Sharp or stabbing pain in the pubic area, groin, hips, or lower back.
- Difficulty walking, climbing stairs, or turning in bed.
- Clicking or grinding sensation in the pelvic area.
- Pain when lifting one leg, such as when getting dressed or stepping into a car.
- The pain can range from mild to severe and may worsen with movement.
Causes and Risk Factors
The primary cause of SPD is the relaxation of pelvic ligaments, often due to:
- Pregnancy hormones (relaxin and progesterone) – These hormones soften ligaments to allow the pelvis to expand during childbirth.
- Pelvic trauma or injury – A fall, accident, or previous pelvic surgery can contribute to SPD.
- Repetitive strain – Activities that put stress on the pelvis, such as heavy lifting or intense exercise, may trigger symptoms.
- Previous pelvic instability – Women who have had SPD in a past pregnancy are more likely to experience it again.
How Does SPD Affect Daily Life?
SPD can make routine activities painful and exhausting. Simple tasks like standing, walking, or rolling over in bed may become difficult. Some women find it hard to care for older children or perform household chores. The condition can also impact sleep and emotional well-being, leading to frustration or anxiety.
Managing and Treating SPD
While SPD can be uncomfortable, several strategies can help reduce pain and improve mobility:
1. Rest and Activity Modification
- Avoid activities that worsen pain, such as standing for long periods or lifting heavy objects.
- Take frequent breaks and sit down when possible.
- Use a pillow between your knees when sleeping to keep the pelvis aligned.
Consult a Gynaecologist for Personalised Advice
2. Supportive Devices
- Pelvic support belts can stabilize the joint and reduce discomfort.
- Crutches or a walking aid may help if walking is painful.
3. Gentle Exercises and Physical Therapy
- Pelvic floor exercises (Kegels) strengthen muscles that support the pelvis.
- Prenatal yoga or water aerobics can improve flexibility without straining the joints.
- A physiotherapist can teach safe movements and stretches to relieve pain.
4. Pain Relief Methods
- Heat or ice packs can soothe sore muscles.
- Pain-relief medications (only under a doctor’s guidance, especially during pregnancy).
- Chiropractic care or acupuncture may provide relief for some individuals.
5. Safe Movement Tips
- Keep knees together when getting in and out of a car or bed.
- Avoid sudden movements like twisting or bending.
- Use a pregnancy pillow for better sleep posture.
When to Seek Medical Help
If your pain is severe, affects daily life, or doesn’t improve with self-care, consult a doctor. They may recommend:
- Physical therapy for targeted exercises.
- Pain management options safe for pregnancy.
- Further evaluation to rule out other conditions.
Can SPD Be Prevented?
While SPD isn’t always preventable, these steps may help reduce the risk:
- Strengthen pelvic muscles before and during pregnancy.
- Maintain good posture to avoid unnecessary strain.
- Avoid excessive weight gain, which can increase pelvic pressure.
Will SPD Go Away After Pregnancy?
For most women, SPD improves after childbirth as hormone levels return to normal. However, some may experience lingering discomfort. Continuing postpartum physiotherapy can help with recovery.
Final Thoughts
Living with SPD can be tough, but with the right care, you can manage the pain and stay active. If you're struggling with pelvic pain, don’t hesitate to seek help. Apollo24|7 offers expert consultations and physiotherapy services to support your recovery.
Would you like to schedule an appointment with a specialist? Visit Apollo24|7 today for personalized care and guidance.
Consult a Gynaecologist for Personalised Advice
Consult a Gynaecologist for Personalised Advice
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Dr. Asha Rani Singh
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24 Years • MBBS DGO
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Dr. Parul Sharma
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8 Years • MBBS, MS (Obstetrics & Gynaecology)
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Dr. K Anusha
Obstetrician and Gynaecologist
4 Years • MBBS, DGO
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Consult a Gynaecologist for Personalised Advice
Dr. Mona Yadav
Obstetrician and Gynaecologist
19 Years • MBBS, MD (Obstetrics & Gynaecology)
Dombivli
Nulife multispeciality, Dombivli
Dr. Asha Rani Singh
Obstetrician and Gynaecologist
24 Years • MBBS DGO
Delhi
Dr Asha Rani Singh Clinic, Delhi
Dr. Parul Sharma
Obstetrician and Gynaecologist
8 Years • MBBS, MS (Obstetrics & Gynaecology)
New Delhi
THE DOCTORS NESST, New Delhi
Dr. K Anusha
Obstetrician and Gynaecologist
4 Years • MBBS, DGO
Yemmiganur
SRINIVASAA HOSPITAL, Yemmiganur
Dr. Tuhin Dutta
Obstetrician and Gynaecologist
15 Years • MBBS , DGO (Obstetrics & Gynaecology)
Kolkata
BIENETRE CLINIC, Kolkata
