Umbilical Hernia Overview and Information
Learn about umbilical hernia, its causes, symptoms, and treatment options. Understand how this condition develops and the approaches available for effective management.
Written by Dr. Rohinipriyanka Pondugula
Reviewed by Dr. J T Hema Pratima MBBS
Last updated on 2nd Sep, 2025
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An umbilical hernia is a common condition that occurs when part of the intestine or fatty tissue pushes through a weak spot in the abdominal muscles near the belly button (navel). While it can affect people of all ages, it is most commonly seen in infants and pregnant women. The good news is that most umbilical hernias are harmless and often resolve on their own, especially in babies. However, in some cases, medical attention may be needed.
In this article, we’ll discuss what an umbilical hernia is, its symptoms, causes, risk factors, and how it can be managed or treated.
What is an Umbilical Hernia?
An umbilical hernia happens when a small part of the intestine or abdominal tissue bulges out through an opening in the abdominal muscles near the navel. This creates a soft lump or swelling that may become more noticeable when coughing, crying (in babies), or straining during bowel movements.
Who Gets Umbilical Hernias?
- Infants – Common in newborns, especially premature babies.
- Pregnant Women – Increased abdominal pressure can lead to hernias.
- Adults with Obesity – Excess weight puts strain on the abdominal wall.
- People with Chronic Cough or Heavy Lifting – Repeated strain can weaken muscles.
Consult a Top Gynecologist
Symptoms of an Umbilical Hernia
Most umbilical hernias are painless and may only show a visible bulge. However, some signs to watch for include:
- A soft swelling or lump near the belly button (more noticeable when standing or straining).
- Discomfort or mild pain around the navel (especially when coughing or lifting heavy objects).
- Redness, tenderness, or vomiting (rare, but may indicate a serious complication).
Note: In infants, the hernia may become more prominent when the baby cries but usually goes away when they relax.
Causes and Risk Factors
Below are few causes and risk factors,
Common Causes:
- Weak Abdominal Muscles – Some people are born with a small gap in their abdominal muscles near the navel.
- Increased Abdominal Pressure – Pregnancy, obesity, chronic coughing, or heavy lifting can contribute.
Risk Factors:
- Premature Birth – Babies born early have weaker abdominal muscles.
- Obesity – Excess weight increases pressure on the abdomen.
- Multiple Pregnancies – Repeated pregnancies may stretch abdominal muscles.
- Fluid in the Abdomen (Ascites) – Can increase pressure and cause hernias.
When to See a Doctor?
Most umbilical hernias in babies close on their own by age 1-2. However, medical attention is needed if:
- The hernia becomes painful, swollen, or discolored.
- The bulge doesn’t go away when lying down.
- There is vomiting, constipation, or severe pain (signs of a strangulated hernia, which is a medical emergency).
For adults, surgery may be recommended if the hernia is large, painful, or doesn’t improve with lifestyle changes.
Diagnosis and Treatment
Below is the diagnosis and treatment of this condition,
Diagnosis:
A doctor can usually diagnose an umbilical hernia through a physical exam. In some cases, an ultrasound or CT scan may be needed to check for complications.
Treatment Options:
1. Watchful Waiting (for Babies) – Most infant hernias close on their own by age 1-2.
2. Surgery (Herniorrhaphy) – Recommended if:
The hernia doesn’t close by age 4-5 (in children).
It causes pain or complications in adults.
3. Lifestyle Changes (for Adults) – Managing weight, avoiding heavy lifting, and treating chronic cough can help.
Prevention and Self-Care Tips
While some umbilical hernias can’t be prevented, these steps may help reduce risk:
- Maintain a Healthy Weight – Reduces pressure on the abdomen.
- Avoid Heavy Lifting – Use proper techniques if lifting is necessary.
- Treat Chronic Cough – Conditions like asthma or smoking-related cough should be managed.
- Strengthen Core Muscles – Gentle exercises (after consulting a doctor) may help.
When to Consider Surgery?
Surgery is usually simple and involves pushing the bulging tissue back and stitching the muscle closed. Recovery is quick, with most people resuming normal activities within a few weeks.
Why Choose Apollo 24|7 for Hernia Care?
If you or your child has an umbilical hernia, consulting a specialist is important. At Apollo 24|7, you can:
- Book a consultation with expert surgeons.
- Get a diagnosis through quick and reliable tests.
- Access safe and effective treatment options.
Final Thoughts
Umbilical hernias are common and usually harmless, but knowing when to seek medical help is crucial. Most babies outgrow them, while adults may need lifestyle changes or minor surgery. If you notice persistent swelling, pain, or other concerning symptoms, don’t hesitate to consult a doctor.
Consult a Top Gynecologist
Consult a Top Gynecologist
Dr. Asawari Kesari Kapoor
Obstetrician and Gynaecologist
23 Years • M.B.B.S, D.G.O(Mumbai) ,D.G.O (C.P.S), D.N.B (OBGY)
Delhi
Apollo Hospitals Indraprastha, Delhi
Dr. Debashree Saha
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4 Years • MBBS, MS (Obstetrics & Gynaecology)
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9 Years • MBBS, MS (Obstetrics & Gynaecology), DNB (Obstetrics & Gynaecology), MIAGE, RCOG Associate [UK]
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Dr. Parul Sharma
Obstetrician and Gynaecologist
8 Years • MBBS, MS (Obstetrics & Gynaecology)
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THE DOCTORS NESST, New Delhi
Consult a Top Gynecologist
Dr. Asawari Kesari Kapoor
Obstetrician and Gynaecologist
23 Years • M.B.B.S, D.G.O(Mumbai) ,D.G.O (C.P.S), D.N.B (OBGY)
Delhi
Apollo Hospitals Indraprastha, Delhi
Dr. Debashree Saha
Obstetrician and Gynaecologist
4 Years • MBBS, MS (Obstetrics & Gynaecology)
Kolkata
DR. DEBASHREE SAHA Clinic, Kolkata
Dr. Mona Yadav
Obstetrician and Gynaecologist
19 Years • MBBS, MD (Obstetrics & Gynaecology)
Dombivli
Nulife multispeciality, Dombivli
Dr. Sunabha K Ghosh
Obstetrician and Gynaecologist
9 Years • MBBS, MS (Obstetrics & Gynaecology), DNB (Obstetrics & Gynaecology), MIAGE, RCOG Associate [UK]
Kolkata
Gajanan Multispeciality Clinic, Kolkata
Dr. Parul Sharma
Obstetrician and Gynaecologist
8 Years • MBBS, MS (Obstetrics & Gynaecology)
New Delhi
THE DOCTORS NESST, New Delhi
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