Causes of Jaundice in Adults
Discover the common causes of jaundice in adults, including liver diseases, infections, and bile duct blockages. Learn symptoms, diagnosis, and effective treatment options.
Written by Dr. Siri Nallapu
Reviewed by Dr. Rohinipriyanka Pondugula MBBS
Last updated on 20th Aug, 2025
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Jaundice is a common condition that affects many adults, causing a yellow discoloration of the skin and eyes. While it can be alarming, understanding the causes can help you take the right steps toward diagnosis and treatment. In this article, we’ll explore the common reasons behind jaundice in adults, its symptoms, and how you can manage or prevent it.
What Is Jaundice?
Jaundice occurs when there’s too much bilirubin, a yellow pigment produced during the breakdown of red blood cells, in the bloodstream. Normally, the liver processes bilirubin and excretes it through bile. However, if the liver isn’t functioning properly or if there’s a blockage in the bile ducts, bilirubin builds up, leading to jaundice.
Common Causes of Jaundice in Adults
Several conditions can lead to jaundice in adults. These can be broadly categorized into three types:
1. Pre-Hepatic (Before the Liver) Causes
These conditions increase the breakdown of red blood cells, overwhelming the liver’s ability to process bilirubin.
- Hemolytic Anemia: A condition where red blood cells are destroyed faster than they can be replaced.
- Malaria: A parasitic infection that destroys red blood cells.
- Sickle Cell Disease: A genetic disorder causing abnormal red blood cells that break down easily.
2. Hepatic (Liver-Related) Causes
These involve liver damage or disease, preventing proper bilirubin processing.
- Hepatitis (A, B, C, D, E): Viral infections that inflame the liver.
- Alcoholic Liver Disease: Excessive alcohol consumption damages liver cells.
- Cirrhosis: Scarring of the liver due to long-term damage.
- Liver Cancer: Tumors interfere with liver function.
- Gilbert’s Syndrome: A harmless genetic condition causing mild jaundice.
3. Post-Hepatic (After the Liver) Causes
These occur due to blockages in the bile ducts, preventing bilirubin from leaving the liver.
- Gallstones: Hard deposits blocking bile ducts.
- Pancreatic Cancer: Tumors pressing on bile ducts.
- Bile Duct Strictures: Narrowing of bile ducts due to injury or inflammation.
- Pancreatitis: Inflammation of the pancreas affecting bile flow.
Symptoms of Jaundice
Besides yellow skin and eyes, jaundice may cause:
- Dark urine
- Pale or clay-colored stools
- Itchy skin
- Fatigue
- Abdominal pain
- Nausea or vomiting
If you experience these symptoms, consult a doctor for proper diagnosis.
How Is Jaundice Diagnosed?
Doctors use several tests to determine the cause of jaundice:
- Blood tests (Liver function tests, bilirubin levels)
- Imaging tests (Ultrasound, CT scan, MRI)
- Liver biopsy (If needed)
Early diagnosis helps in effective treatment.
Consult Top Specialists
Managing and Preventing Jaundice
Medical Treatments
- For Hepatitis: Antiviral medications.
- For Gallstones: Surgery or medication to dissolve stones.
- For Liver Disease: Lifestyle changes, medications, or liver transplant in severe cases.
Lifestyle & Dietary Tips
- Stay Hydrated: Helps flush out toxins.
- Eat a Balanced Diet: Include fruits, vegetables, and whole grains.
- Avoid Alcohol & Fatty Foods: Reduces liver strain.
- Exercise Regularly: Supports overall liver health.
- Get Vaccinated: Hepatitis A & B vaccines prevent infections.
When to See a Doctor
Seek immediate medical attention if you notice:
- Severe abdominal pain
- High fever
- Confusion or drowsiness
- Persistent vomiting
Early intervention can prevent complications.
Book a Consultation with Apollo 24|7
If you or a loved one is experiencing jaundice symptoms, don’t wait. Apollo 24|7 offers expert consultations and diagnostic tests to help identify the cause and provide the right treatment.
Final Thoughts
Jaundice is not a disease itself but a sign of an underlying condition. Understanding its causes helps in early detection and treatment. With proper medical care and healthy lifestyle choices, most cases of jaundice can be managed effectively.
Would you like to schedule a liver function test or speak to a specialist? Visit Apollo 24|7 today!
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Consult Top Specialists
Dr. Gaddam Manoj
General Practitioner
1 Years • MBBS
Hyderabad
Aaradhya clinic, Hyderabad
Dr Suseela
General Physician
5 Years • MBBS
Bengaluru
Apollo Medical Center, Marathahalli, Bengaluru
Dr. M L Ezhilarasan
General Practitioner
6 Years • MBBS
Visakhapatnam
Apollo 24|7 Clinic - Andhra Pradesh, Visakhapatnam
Dr D M Karthik
General Practitioner
4 Years • MBBS, Fellowship in Diabetes Mellitus, Advance certificate in Diabetes Mellitus, Derma Nutrition Certification
Visakhapatnam
Apollo 24|7 Clinic - Andhra Pradesh, Visakhapatnam
Dr. Gunashree V L
General Physician/ Internal Medicine Specialist
3 Years • MBBS
Bengaluru
Apollo Clinic, JP nagar, Bengaluru
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